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Eating local and in-season fruits and vegetables: Carbon-water-employment trade-offs and synergies

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  • López, Luis-Antonio
  • Tobarra, Maria-Angeles
  • Cadarso, Maria-Ángeles
  • Gómez, Nuria
  • Cazcarro, Ignacio

Abstract

What would the effect on the employment and environmental footprint be if Spanish households substituted imported fresh fruits and vegetables with local production? Are the impacts similar over the entire year? Is it possible to find a general pattern that allows for straightforward household consumption decisions promoting sustainability? In this paper, we answer these questions using an innovative concept, the seasonal avoided footprint by imports (SAFM), to understand the interactions among carbon emissions, scarce water use, and employment linked to imports and domestic production.

Suggested Citation

  • López, Luis-Antonio & Tobarra, Maria-Angeles & Cadarso, Maria-Ángeles & Gómez, Nuria & Cazcarro, Ignacio, 2022. "Eating local and in-season fruits and vegetables: Carbon-water-employment trade-offs and synergies," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:192:y:2022:i:c:s0921800921003293
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107270
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    Cited by:

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    2. Gutiérrez, María-José & Inguanzo, Belén & Orbe, Susan, 2025. "Reducing the environmental impact of food consumption through fiscal policies: The case of Spain," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).

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