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Friendship quality, self-esteem, and emotional literacy in children with and without a migration background

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  • Erol, Mustafa
  • Temur, Murat
  • Erol, Ahmet

Abstract

This study comparatively examines the friendship quality, self-esteem, and emotional literacy of children with and without a migration background. The participants consisted of 828 primary school children aged 8 to 10, including 428 children with a migration background and 400 children without one. Data were collected using the Rosenberg Scale to assess self-esteem in children, the friendship quality scale, and the emotional literacy scale. The analyses used correlation analysis, t-tests, and structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between self-esteem, friendship quality, and emotional literacy in both groups. However, children without a migration background scored significantly higher in self-esteem, friendship quality, and emotional literacy compared to their peers with a migration background. Furthermore, emotional literacy (individual and social-emotional processes) strongly mediated the relationship between self-esteem and friendship quality in both groups. Our findings expand our understanding of children with and without a migration background.

Suggested Citation

  • Erol, Mustafa & Temur, Murat & Erol, Ahmet, 2025. "Friendship quality, self-esteem, and emotional literacy in children with and without a migration background," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:173:y:2025:i:c:s0190740925001987
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108315
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    1. Subin Park & Soo Yeon Kim & Eun-Sun Lee & Jin Yong Jun, 2019. "Factors Related to Change in Depression among North Korean Refugee Youths in South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-8, November.
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    3. Rui Chen & Li Zhou, 2021. "Parental Migration and Psychological Well-Being of Children in Rural China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-13, July.
    4. Cassie McMillan, 2019. "Tied Together: Adolescent Friendship Networks, Immigrant Status, and Health Outcomes," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 56(3), pages 1075-1103, June.
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