IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v16y2019i23p4624-d289323.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Factors Related to Change in Depression among North Korean Refugee Youths in South Korea

Author

Listed:
  • Subin Park

    (Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul 04933, Korea)

  • Soo Yeon Kim

    (Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul 04933, Korea)

  • Eun-Sun Lee

    (Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul 04933, Korea)

  • Jin Yong Jun

    (Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul 04933, Korea)

Abstract

This study investigated change in depression and revealed factors related to change using one-year follow-up data. A sample of 108 North Korean Refugee Youths (NKRYs) aged 13 to 26 years (66 females) was recruited from two alternative schools for NKRYs in South Korea. Based on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale cut-off score of 16, respondents were grouped based on change in depression score after one year as stable low, alleviated, deteriorated, or prolonged. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the influence of baseline psychological scores (resilience, emotional regulation strategy, and self-esteem), and reported social support (psychological/practical) on the odds of group classification. With the stable low group as the reference category, those with alleviated depression at Time 2 had significantly higher odds of expressive suppression and tended to have lower self-esteem at Time 1. The deteriorated depression group was more likely than the stable low group to have lower resilience and cognitive appraisal scores. Those with prolonged high depression were more likely than the stable low group to have lower resilience, less practical social support, and lower self-esteem. Psychological interventions, particularly those focused on increasing self-esteem and resilience, could be helpful for NKRYs with potential risk of depression. In addition, practical support should be provided on an as-needed basis to prevent chronic depression among NKRYs.

Suggested Citation

  • Subin Park & Soo Yeon Kim & Eun-Sun Lee & Jin Yong Jun, 2019. "Factors Related to Change in Depression among North Korean Refugee Youths in South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-8, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:23:p:4624-:d:289323
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/23/4624/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/23/4624/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chung, Rita Chi-Ying & Kagawa-Singer, Marjorie, 1993. "Predictors of psychological distress among southeast Asian refugees," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 631-639, March.
    2. Norris, Fran H. & Tracy, Melissa & Galea, Sandro, 2009. "Looking for resilience: Understanding the longitudinal trajectories of responses to stress," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(12), pages 2190-2198, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yoanna Seong & Subin Park, 2021. "Factors Affecting Changes in the Mental Health of North Korean Refugee Youths: A Three-Year Follow-Up Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-10, February.
    2. Wonjung Ryu, 2020. "The Effect of Traumatic Experiences of North Korean Adolescent Refugees upon Their Negative Health Perception: Focusing on Multiple Moderating Effect of Problem-Focused versus Social Support-Focused C," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-11, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hongyun Fu & Mark VanLandingham, 2012. "Mental Health Consequences of International Migration for Vietnamese Americans and the Mediating Effects of Physical Health and Social Networks: Results From a Natural Experiment Approach," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 49(2), pages 393-424, May.
    2. Mooli Lahad & Ran Cohen & Stratos Fanaras & Dmitry Leykin & Penny Apostolopoulou, 2018. "Resiliency and Adjustment in Times of Crisis, the Case of the Greek Economic Crisis from a Psycho-social and Community Perspective," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 135(1), pages 333-356, January.
    3. Sarah R Lowe & Ethan J Raker & Mary C Waters & Jean E Rhodes, 2020. "Predisaster predictors of posttraumatic stress symptom trajectories: An analysis of low-income women in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, October.
    4. Fernando Olivares-Delgado & Patricia P. Iglesias-Sánchez & María Teresa Benlloch-Osuna & Carlos de las Heras-Pedrosa & Carmen Jambrino-Maldonado, 2020. "Resilience and Anti-Stress during COVID-19 Isolation in Spain: An Analysis through Audiovisual Spots," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-23, November.
    5. Etilé, Fabrice & Frijters, Paul & Johnston, David W. & Shields, Michael A., 2021. "Measuring resilience to major life events," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 598-619.
    6. Ran, Liuyi & Wang, Wo & Ai, Ming & Kong, Yiting & Chen, Jianmei & Kuang, Li, 2020. "Psychological resilience, depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms in response to COVID-19: A study of the general population in China at the peak of its epidemic," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    7. Caitlin G. Bletscher, 2020. "Communication Technology and Social Integration: Access and Use of Communication Technologies Among Floridian Resettled Refugees," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 21(2), pages 431-451, June.
    8. Lowe, Sarah R. & Joshi, Spruha & Pietrzak, Robert H. & Galea, Sandro & Cerdá, Magdalena, 2015. "Mental health and general wellness in the aftermath of Hurricane Ike," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 162-170.
    9. Nicolás C. Bronfman & Pamela C. Cisternas & Paula B. Repetto & Javiera V. Castañeda & Eliana Guic, 2020. "Understanding the Relationship Between Direct Experience and Risk Perception of Natural Hazards," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(10), pages 2057-2070, October.
    10. Svala Gudmundsdottir & Karen Larsen & Melissa Woods Nelson & Jarka Devine Mildorf & Dorota Molek-Winiarska, 2023. "Burnout and Resilience in Foreign Service Spouses during the Pandemic, and the Role of Organizational Support," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-13, January.
    11. Steel, Zachary & Momartin, Shakeh & Silove, Derrick & Coello, Marianio & Aroche, Jorge & Tay, Kuo Wei, 2011. "Two year psychosocial and mental health outcomes for refugees subjected to restrictive or supportive immigration policies," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(7), pages 1149-1156, April.
    12. Bosmans, Mark W.G. & van der Velden, Peter G., 2015. "Longitudinal interplay between posttraumatic stress symptoms and coping self-efficacy: A four-wave prospective study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 23-29.
    13. Fabrice Etilé & Paul Frijters & David W. Johson & Michael A. Shields, 2017. "Modelling Heterogeneity in the Resilience to Major Socioeconomic Life Events," Working Papers halshs-01485989, HAL.
    14. Zhuoqun Gao & R. Richard Geddes & Tao Ma, 2020. "Direct and Indirect Economic Losses Using Typhoon-Flood Disaster Analysis: An Application to Guangdong Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-22, October.
    15. Andrew Crabtree, 2013. "Questioning Psychosocial Resilience After Flooding and the Consequences for Disaster Risk Reduction," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 113(2), pages 711-728, September.
    16. Sammy Zahran & Lori Peek & Jeffrey G. Snodgrass & Stephan Weiler & Lynn Hempel, 2011. "Economics of Disaster Risk, Social Vulnerability, and Mental Health Resilience," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(7), pages 1107-1119, July.
    17. Eamin Z. Heanoy & Connie Svob & Norman R. Brown, 2023. "Assessing the Long-Term Transitional Impact and Mental Health Consequences of the Southern Alberta Flood of 2013," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-14, August.
    18. Su Ching Kuo & Jia Ling Sun & Siew Tzuh Tang, 2017. "Trajectories of depressive symptoms for bereaved family members of chronically ill patients: a systematic review," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(23-24), pages 3784-3799, December.
    19. Sangalang, Cindy C. & Jager, Justin & Harachi, Tracy W., 2017. "Effects of maternal traumatic distress on family functioning and child mental health: An examination of Southeast Asian refugee families in the U.S," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 178-186.
    20. Koubun Wakashima & Keigo Asai & Taku Hiraizumi & Shuji Noguchi, 2019. "Trajectories of psychological stress among public servants after the Great East Japan Earthquake," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 5(1), pages 1-7, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:23:p:4624-:d:289323. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.