IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v92y2012icp204-210.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Impact of roof integrated PV orientation on the residential electricity peak demand

Author

Listed:
  • Sadineni, Suresh B.
  • Atallah, Fady
  • Boehm, Robert F.

Abstract

Peak electricity demand has been an issue in the Desert Southwest region of the US, due to extreme summer temperatures. To address this issue, a consortium was formed between the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Pulte Homes, and NV Energy. An energy efficient residential community was developed by the team in Las Vegas with approximately 200 homes to study substation-level peak reduction strategies. A summer peak reduction of more than 65%, between 1:00PM and 7:00PM, compared to code standard housing developments is the targeted goal of the project. Approximately 50 homes are already built and some are occupied. The energy performances of the homes have been monitored and are presented in this paper. Several peak electric load reduction strategies such as energy efficiency in buildings, roof integrated photovoltaics (PV) and direct load control have been applied. Though all the homes in the developed community are installed with 1.8kWp PV systems, the orientation of the PV system depends on the building orientation. Focus of this paper is to find the impact of PV orientation on the peak load from a building. In addition, different time-of-use (TOU) energy pricing options are offered by the local electrical utility company. Hence it is important to find an optimal pricing option for each building. A computer model has been developed for one of the homes in the new development using building energy simulation code, ENERGY-10. Calculations on the PV orientations have shown that a south and 220° (i.e. 40° west of due south) orientations are economically optimal for homes enrolled to flat electricity pricing schedule and time of use pricing respectively. As predicted by the simulations, the energy efficiency methods in the home have decreased the total annual energy by 38% compared to a code standard home of the same size. Further, the energy efficiency methods in the building coupled with a 220° oriented PV and 1.1°C increase in thermostat temperature for three hours (from 3:00 to 6:00PM) reduced the peak energy demand by 62% compared to a code standard building of the same size. Battery storage is the other option that will be considered in the project at a later time which is expected to carry the project well beyond its peak reduction goals.

Suggested Citation

  • Sadineni, Suresh B. & Atallah, Fady & Boehm, Robert F., 2012. "Impact of roof integrated PV orientation on the residential electricity peak demand," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 204-210.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:92:y:2012:i:c:p:204-210
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.10.026
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261911006805
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.10.026?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Li, Danny H.W. & Lam, Tony N.T. & Chan, Wilco W.H. & Mak, Ada H.L., 2009. "Energy and cost analysis of semi-transparent photovoltaic in office buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(5), pages 722-729, May.
    2. Leckner, Mitchell & Zmeureanu, Radu, 2011. "Life cycle cost and energy analysis of a Net Zero Energy House with solar combisystem," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(1), pages 232-241, January.
    3. Li, D.H.W. & Lam, J.C. & Wong, S.L., 2005. "Daylighting and its effects on peak load determination," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(10), pages 1817-1831.
    4. Zogou, Olympia & Stapountzis, Herricos, 2011. "Energy analysis of an improved concept of integrated PV panels in an office building in central Greece," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(3), pages 853-866, March.
    5. Hasnain, Syed Mahmood & Alabbadi, Naif Mohammed, 2000. "Need for thermal-storage air-conditioning in Saudi Arabia," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(1-4), pages 153-164, April.
    6. Geller, Howard & Harrington, Philip & Rosenfeld, Arthur H. & Tanishima, Satoshi & Unander, Fridtjof, 2006. "Polices for increasing energy efficiency: Thirty years of experience in OECD countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 556-573, March.
    7. Sadineni, Suresh B. & France, Todd M. & Boehm, Robert F., 2011. "Economic feasibility of energy efficiency measures in residential buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 2925-2931.
    8. Gieseler, U.D.J. & Heidt, F.D. & Bier, W., 2004. "Evaluation of the cost efficiency of an energy efficient building," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 369-376.
    9. Kumar, Rakesh & Rosen, Marc A., 2011. "A critical review of photovoltaic–thermal solar collectors for air heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(11), pages 3603-3614.
    10. Chow, T.T. & Chan, A.L.S. & Fong, K.F. & Lin, Z. & He, W. & Ji, J., 2009. "Annual performance of building-integrated photovoltaic/water-heating system for warm climate application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(5), pages 689-696, May.
    11. Zhou, Guobing & Yang, Yongping & Xu, Hong, 2011. "Performance of shape-stabilized phase change material wallboard with periodical outside heat flux waves," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(6), pages 2113-2121, June.
    12. Chow, T.T., 2010. "A review on photovoltaic/thermal hybrid solar technology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 365-379, February.
    13. Mondol, Jayanta Deb & Yohanis, Yigzaw G & Norton, Brian, 2009. "Optimising the economic viability of grid-connected photovoltaic systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(7-8), pages 985-999, July.
    14. Ashok, S. & Banerjee, R., 2003. "Optimal cool storage capacity for load management," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 115-126.
    15. Lam, Joseph C. & Tsang, C.L. & Li, Danny H.W. & Cheung, S.O., 2005. "Residential building envelope heat gain and cooling energy requirements," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(7), pages 933-951.
    16. Tiwari, G.N. & Mishra, R.K. & Solanki, S.C., 2011. "Photovoltaic modules and their applications: A review on thermal modelling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(7), pages 2287-2304, July.
    17. Florides, G. A. & Tassou, S. A. & Kalogirou, S. A. & Wrobel, L. C., 2002. "Measures used to lower building energy consumption and their cost effectiveness," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(3-4), pages 299-328, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Eke, Rustu & Senturk, Ali, 2013. "Monitoring the performance of single and triple junction amorphous silicon modules in two building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) installations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 154-162.
    2. Richardson, David B. & Harvey, L.D.D., 2015. "Strategies for correlating solar PV array production with electricity demand," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 432-440.
    3. Talent, Orlando & Du, Haiping, 2018. "Optimal sizing and energy scheduling of photovoltaic-battery systems under different tariff structures," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PA), pages 513-526.
    4. Deetjen, Thomas A. & Garrison, Jared B. & Rhodes, Joshua D. & Webber, Michael E., 2016. "Solar PV integration cost variation due to array orientation and geographic location in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 607-616.
    5. Freitas, S. & Brito, M.C., 2019. "Non-cumulative only solar photovoltaics for electricity load-matching," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 271-283.
    6. Laurie Buys & Desley Vine & Gerard Ledwich & John Bell & Kerrie Mengersen & Peter Morris & Jim Lewis, 2015. "A Framework for Understanding and Generating Integrated Solutions for Residential Peak Energy Demand," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-20, March.
    7. Sun, Honghang & Zhi, Qiang & Wang, Yibo & Yao, Qiang & Su, Jun, 2014. "China’s solar photovoltaic industry development: The status quo, problems and approaches," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 221-230.
    8. Janko, Samantha A. & Arnold, Michael R. & Johnson, Nathan G., 2016. "Implications of high-penetration renewables for ratepayers and utilities in the residential solar photovoltaic (PV) market," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 37-51.
    9. Konstantinos Fiorentzis & Antonios Tsikalakis & Emmanuel Karapidakis & Yiannis Katsigiannis & George Stavrakakis, 2019. "Improving Reliability Indices of the Autonomous Power System of Crete Island Utilizing Extended Photovoltaic Installations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    10. Connelly, Karen & Wu, Yupeng & Chen, Jun & Lei, Yu, 2016. "Design and development of a reflective membrane for a novel Building Integrated Concentrating Photovoltaic (BICPV) ‘Smart Window’ system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 331-339.
    11. Vassiliades, C. & Agathokleous, R. & Barone, G. & Forzano, C. & Giuzio, G.F. & Palombo, A. & Buonomano, A. & Kalogirou, S., 2022. "Building integration of active solar energy systems: A review of geometrical and architectural characteristics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    12. Lim, Jae-Han & Song, Jin-Hee & Song, Seung-Yeong, 2014. "Development of operational guidelines for thermally activated building system according to heating and cooling load characteristics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 123-135.
    13. Ahmed, Ahsan & Nadeem, Talha Bin & Naqvi, Asad A. & Siddiqui, Mubashir Ali & Khan, Muhammad Hamza & Bin Zahid, Muhammad Saad & Ammar, Syed Muhammad, 2022. "Investigation of PV utilizability on university buildings: A case study of Karachi, Pakistan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 238-251.
    14. Mulcué-Nieto, Luis Fernando & Mora-López, Llanos, 2015. "Methodology to establish the permitted maximum losses due to shading and orientation in photovoltaic applications in buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 37-45.
    15. Kwak, Younghoon & Mun, Sun-Hye & Park, Chang-Dae & Lee, Sang-Moon & Huh, Jung-Ho, 2022. "Statistical analysis of power generation of semi-transparent photovoltaic (STPV) for diversity in building envelope design: A mock-up test by azimuth and tilt angles," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 651-669.
    16. Tsao, Yu-Chung & Thanh, Vo-Van & Lu, Jye-Chyi, 2022. "Efficiency of resilient three-part tariff pricing schemes in residential power markets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PD).
    17. Kosmadakis, Ioannis E. & Elmasides, Costas & Koulinas, Georgios & Tsagarakis, Konstantinos P., 2021. "Energy unit cost assessment of six photovoltaic-battery configurations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 24-41.
    18. Gassar, Abdo Abdullah Ahmed & Cha, Seung Hyun, 2021. "Review of geographic information systems-based rooftop solar photovoltaic potential estimation approaches at urban scales," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sadineni, Suresh B. & Boehm, Robert F., 2012. "Measurements and simulations for peak electrical load reduction in cooling dominated climate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 689-697.
    2. Yang, Tingting & Athienitis, Andreas K., 2016. "A review of research and developments of building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 886-912.
    3. Dehra, Himanshu, 2017. "An investigation on energy performance assessment of a photovoltaic solar wall under buoyancy-induced and fan-assisted ventilation system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 55-74.
    4. Sadineni, Suresh B. & Madala, Srikanth & Boehm, Robert F., 2011. "Passive building energy savings: A review of building envelope components," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3617-3631.
    5. Michael, Jee Joe & S, Iniyan & Goic, Ranko, 2015. "Flat plate solar photovoltaic–thermal (PV/T) systems: A reference guide," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 62-88.
    6. Zhang, Peng & Li, Wenyuan & Li, Sherwin & Wang, Yang & Xiao, Weidong, 2013. "Reliability assessment of photovoltaic power systems: Review of current status and future perspectives," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 822-833.
    7. Eke, Rustu & Senturk, Ali, 2013. "Monitoring the performance of single and triple junction amorphous silicon modules in two building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) installations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 154-162.
    8. Sadineni, Suresh B. & France, Todd M. & Boehm, Robert F., 2011. "Economic feasibility of energy efficiency measures in residential buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 2925-2931.
    9. Rounis, Efstratios Dimitrios & Athienitis, Andreas & Stathopoulos, Theodore, 2021. "Review of air-based PV/T and BIPV/T systems - Performance and modelling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1729-1753.
    10. Radhi, Hassan, 2012. "Trade-off between environmental and economic implications of PV systems integrated into the UAE residential sector," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 2468-2474.
    11. Abdelhamid, Mahmoud & Widyolar, Bennett K. & Jiang, Lun & Winston, Roland & Yablonovitch, Eli & Scranton, Gregg & Cygan, David & Abbasi, Hamid & Kozlov, Aleksandr, 2016. "Novel double-stage high-concentrated solar hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector with nonimaging optics and GaAs solar cells reflector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 68-79.
    12. Abdul Mujeebu, Muhammad & Alshamrani, Othman Subhi, 2016. "Prospects of energy conservation and management in buildings – The Saudi Arabian scenario versus global trends," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1647-1663.
    13. Freire, Roberto Zanetti & Mazuroski, Walter & Abadie, Marc Olivier & Mendes, Nathan, 2011. "Capacitive effect on the heat transfer through building glazing systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4310-4319.
    14. Elbreki, A.M. & Alghoul, M.A. & Al-Shamani, A.N. & Ammar, A.A. & Yegani, Bita & Aboghrara, Alsanossi M. & Rusaln, M.H. & Sopian, K., 2016. "The role of climatic-design-operational parameters on combined PV/T collector performance: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 602-647.
    15. Debbarma, Mary & Sudhakar, K. & Baredar, Prashant, 2017. "Thermal modeling, exergy analysis, performance of BIPV and BIPVT: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1276-1288.
    16. Buker, Mahmut Sami & Riffat, Saffa B., 2015. "Building integrated solar thermal collectors – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 327-346.
    17. Motte, Fabrice & Notton, Gilles & Cristofari, Christian & Canaletti, Jean-Louis, 2013. "Design and modelling of a new patented thermal solar collector with high building integration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 631-639.
    18. Hu, Zhongting & He, Wei & Ji, Jie & Hu, Dengyun & Lv, Song & Chen, Hongbing & Shen, Zhihe, 2017. "Comparative study on the annual performance of three types of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) Trombe wall system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 81-93.
    19. Zhang, Xingxing & Zhao, Xudong & Xu, Jihuan & Yu, Xiaotong, 2013. "Characterization of a solar photovoltaic/loop-heat-pipe heat pump water heating system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 1229-1245.
    20. Sohel, M. Imroz & Ma, Zhenjun & Cooper, Paul & Adams, Jamie & Scott, Robert, 2014. "A dynamic model for air-based photovoltaic thermal systems working under real operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 216-225.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:92:y:2012:i:c:p:204-210. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.