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Tecno-economic assessment of an off-grid PV-powered community kitchen for developing regions

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  • Dufo-López, Rodolfo
  • Zubi, Ghassan
  • Fracastoro, Gian Vincenzo

Abstract

Nowadays, around 1.44 billion people have still no access to electricity, most of them living in rural areas in South and Southeast Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa. The major residential energy consumption in these regions is for cooking. This energy demand is covered by firewood, agricultural residues and/or animal dung, implying often exhausting work for the collection and causing deforestation. Solar thermal cooking systems have been developed and promoted, although their success has been limited. This paper follows another solar cooking approach by evaluating the option of combining an off-grid PV system (PV generator+battery) with very low demand electric cooking appliances. The PV-battery system to supply the load demand for the electric cooking appliances for communities of 50 persons has been calculated. Thereby, the five countries with the highest population without access to electricity have been taken into account: India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Nigeria. The levelized energy cost is around 3 c€ per meal or less and the life cycle emissions of the PV-battery system (manufacturing, transport and decommissioning) are around 7 gCO2 per meal.

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  • Dufo-López, Rodolfo & Zubi, Ghassan & Fracastoro, Gian Vincenzo, 2012. "Tecno-economic assessment of an off-grid PV-powered community kitchen for developing regions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 255-262.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:91:y:2012:i:1:p:255-262
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.09.027
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    2. Johnson, Nathan G. & Bryden, Kenneth M., 2012. "Factors affecting fuelwood consumption in household cookstoves in an isolated rural West African village," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 310-321.
    3. Akinyele, D.O. & Rayudu, R.K., 2016. "Community-based hybrid electricity supply system: A practical and comparative approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 608-628.
    4. M. Rezwan Khan & Intekhab Alam, 2020. "A Solar PV-Based Inverter-Less Grid-Integrated Cooking Solution for Low-Cost Clean Cooking," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-14, October.
    5. Terrapon-Pfaff, Julia & Dienst, Carmen & König, Julian & Ortiz, Willington, 2014. "How effective are small-scale energy interventions in developing countries? Results from a post-evaluation on project-level," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 809-814.
    6. Nadia Belmonte & Carlo Luetto & Stefano Staulo & Paola Rizzi & Marcello Baricco, 2017. "Case Studies of Energy Storage with Fuel Cells and Batteries for Stationary and Mobile Applications," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-15, March.
    7. Zubi, Ghassan & Fracastoro, Gian Vincenzo & Lujano-Rojas, Juan M. & El Bakari, Khalil & Andrews, David, 2019. "The unlocked potential of solar home systems; an effective way to overcome domestic energy poverty in developing regions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 1425-1435.
    8. Zubi, Ghassan & Dufo-López, Rodolfo & Pasaoglu, Guzay & Pardo, Nicolás, 2016. "Techno-economic assessment of an off-grid PV system for developing regions to provide electricity for basic domestic needs: A 2020–2040 scenario," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 309-319.
    9. Mulder, Grietus & Six, Daan & Claessens, Bert & Broes, Thijs & Omar, Noshin & Mierlo, Joeri Van, 2013. "The dimensioning of PV-battery systems depending on the incentive and selling price conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 1126-1135.
    10. Dufo-López, Rodolfo & Lujano-Rojas, Juan M. & Bernal-Agustín, José L., 2014. "Comparison of different lead–acid battery lifetime prediction models for use in simulation of stand-alone photovoltaic systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 242-253.
    11. Shabbir, Noman & Usman, Muhammad & Jawad, Muhammad & Zafar, Muhammad H. & Iqbal, Muhammad N. & Kütt, Lauri, 2020. "Economic analysis and impact on national grid by domestic photovoltaic system installations in Pakistan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 509-521.
    12. Zubi, Ghassan & Dufo-López, Rodolfo & Carvalho, Monica & Pasaoglu, Guzay, 2018. "The lithium-ion battery: State of the art and future perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 292-308.
    13. Camille Soenen & Vincent Reinbold & Simon Meunier & Judith A. Cherni & Arouna Darga & Philippe Dessante & Loïc Quéval, 2021. "Comparison of Tank and Battery Storages for Photovoltaic Water Pumping," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-16, April.
    14. Pei, Pucheng & Wang, Keliang & Ma, Ze, 2014. "Technologies for extending zinc–air battery’s cyclelife: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 315-324.
    15. Kashyap, S. Rahul & Pramanik, Santanu & Ravikrishna, R.V., 2023. "A review of solar, electric and hybrid cookstoves," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    16. Shabbir, Noman & Kütt, Lauri & Raja, Hadi A. & Jawad, Muhammad & Allik, Alo & Husev, Oleksandr, 2022. "Techno-economic analysis and energy forecasting study of domestic and commercial photovoltaic system installations in Estonia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    17. Waag, Wladislaw & Käbitz, Stefan & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2013. "Experimental investigation of the lithium-ion battery impedance characteristic at various conditions and aging states and its influence on the application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 885-897.
    18. Hossain, M.J. & Saha, T.K. & Mithulananthan, N. & Pota, H.R., 2012. "Robust control strategy for PV system integration in distribution systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 355-362.

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