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An active power control of DFIG-based wind turbine generators for frequency regulation with expected dynamic performance

Author

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  • Zhao, Teyang
  • Liu, Hui
  • Wang, Ni
  • Su, Jinshuo
  • Luo, Zhiqiang
  • Ma, Siyu

Abstract

The escalating wind power penetration presents a substantial challenge in ensuring the system frequency stability. Although wind turbine generators (WTGs) can offer rapid frequency support by the presetting power trajectory response (PPTR), it will result in a secondary frequency dip (SFD) while facing the demand of restoring rotor speed after frequency regulation. Moreover, the frequency overshoot will occur due to the fixed power increment provided by PPTR under minor disturbances. In this paper, an active power control strategy of DFIG-based WTGs is proposed for eliminating frequency overshoot and mitigating SFD while providing power support for the system frequency. A rotor-speed-based power increment and power attenuation trajectory are designed to enhance the primary frequency nadir while ensuring the operation stability of WTGs. After that, SFD will be mitigated by the proposed parabolic-formed compensation power. Moreover, a power increment control mode is proposed to eliminate the frequency overshoot by a membership-function-based global controller, which can smoothly switch the combined inertial response and the improved PPTR to provide a flexible power increment. Finally, the validity of the proposed strategy in improving frequency nadir, eliminating frequency overshoot, and mitigating SFD are verified by simulations under different wind power penetration levels, disturbances, and wind conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhao, Teyang & Liu, Hui & Wang, Ni & Su, Jinshuo & Luo, Zhiqiang & Ma, Siyu, 2025. "An active power control of DFIG-based wind turbine generators for frequency regulation with expected dynamic performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 391(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:391:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925006786
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125948
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cheng, Yi & Azizipanah-Abarghooee, Rasoul & Azizi, Sadegh & Ding, Lei & Terzija, Vladimir, 2020. "Smart frequency control in low inertia energy systems based on frequency response techniques: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
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    1. Li, Shunyi & Bai, Hao & Yao, Ruotian & Wang, Ying & Liu, Tong, 2026. "Causes identification and sources localization method for multistage voltage sag under the influence of high penetration of renewable energy sources," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 402(PB).
    2. Kong, Luming & Xiao, Feng & Yang, Haobo & Fang, Fang & Qin, Shiyao, 2025. "Distributed optimal control of wind farms with deloading operation for load sharing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).

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