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Triple-mode grid-balancing plants via biomass gasification and reversible solid-oxide cell stack: Concept and thermodynamic performance

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  • Wang, Ligang
  • Zhang, Yumeng
  • Li, Chengzhou
  • Pérez-Fortes, Mar
  • Lin, Tzu-En
  • Maréchal, François
  • Van herle, Jan
  • Yang, Yongping

Abstract

Biomass-to-electricity or -chemical via power-to-x can be potential flexibility means for future electrical grid with high penetration of variable renewable power. However, biomass-to-electricity will not be dispatched frequently and becomes less economically-beneficial due to low annual operating hours. This issue can be addressed by integrating biomass-to-electricity and -chemical via “reversible” solid-oxide cell stacks to form a triple-mode grid-balancing plant, which could flexibly switch among power generation, power storage and power neutral (with chemical production) modes. This paper investigates the optimal designs of such a plant concept with a multi-time heat and mass integration platform considering different technology combinations and multiple objective functions to obtain a variety of design alternatives. The results show that increasing plant efficiencies will increase the total cell area needed for a given biomass feed. The efficiency difference among different technology combinations with the same gasifier type is less than 5% points. The efficiency reaches up to 50%–60% for power generation mode, 72%–76% for power storage mode and 47%–55% for power neutral mode. When penalizing the syngas not converted in the stacks, the optimal plant designs interact with the electrical and gas grids in a limited range. Steam turbine network can recover 0.21–0.24 kW electricity per kW dry biomass energy (lower heating value), corresponding to an efficiency enhancement of up to 20% points. The difference in the amounts of heat transferred in different modes challenges the design of a common heat exchange network.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Ligang & Zhang, Yumeng & Li, Chengzhou & Pérez-Fortes, Mar & Lin, Tzu-En & Maréchal, François & Van herle, Jan & Yang, Yongping, 2020. "Triple-mode grid-balancing plants via biomass gasification and reversible solid-oxide cell stack: Concept and thermodynamic performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:280:y:2020:i:c:s0306261920314343
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115987
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    References listed on IDEAS

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