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Electromagnetic energy harvesting using magnetic levitation architectures: A review

Author

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  • Carneiro, Pedro
  • Soares dos Santos, Marco P.
  • Rodrigues, André
  • Ferreira, Jorge A.F.
  • Simões, José A.O.
  • Marques, A. Torres
  • Kholkin, Andrei L.

Abstract

Motion-driven electromagnetic energy harvesters have the ability to provide low-cost and customizable electric powering. They are a well-suited technological solution to autonomously supply a broad range of high-sophisticated devices. This paper presents a detailed review focused on major breakthroughs in the scope of electromagnetic energy harvesting using magnetic levitation architectures. A rigorous analysis of twenty-one design configurations was made to compare their geometric and constructive parameters, optimization methodologies and energy harvesting performances. This review also explores the most relevant models (analytical, semi-analytical, empirical and finite element method) already developed to make intelligible the physical phenomena of their transduction mechanisms. The most relevant approaches to model each physical phenomenon of these transduction mechanisms are highlighted in this paper. Very good agreements were found between experimental and simulation tests with deviations lower than 15%. Moreover, the external motion excitations and electric energy harvesting outputs were also comprehensively compared and critically discussed. Electric power densities up to 8 mW/cm3 (8 kW/m3) have already been achieved; for resistive loads, the maximum voltage and current were 43.4 V and 150 mA, respectively, for volumes up to 235 cm3. Results highlight the potential of these harvesters to convert mechanical energy into electric energy both for large-scale and small-scale applications. Moreover, this paper proposes future research directions towards efficiency maximization and minimization of energy production costs.

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  • Carneiro, Pedro & Soares dos Santos, Marco P. & Rodrigues, André & Ferreira, Jorge A.F. & Simões, José A.O. & Marques, A. Torres & Kholkin, Andrei L., 2020. "Electromagnetic energy harvesting using magnetic levitation architectures: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:260:y:2020:i:c:s0306261919318781
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114191
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    Cited by:

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    5. Vidal, João V. & Rolo, Pedro & Carneiro, Pedro M.R. & Peres, Inês & Kholkin, Andrei L. & Soares dos Santos, Marco P., 2022. "Automated electromagnetic generator with self-adaptive structure by coil switching," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    6. Wang, Jiaxin & Jiang, Ziyuan & Sun, Wenpeng & Xu, Xueping & Han, Qinkai & Chu, Fulei, 2022. "Yoyo-ball inspired triboelectric nanogenerators for harvesting biomechanical energy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    7. Jiatong Chen & Bin Bao & Jinlong Liu & Yufei Wu & Quan Wang, 2022. "Pendulum Energy Harvesters: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-26, November.
    8. Gunn, B. & Alevras, P. & Flint, J.A. & Fu, H. & Rothberg, S.J. & Theodossiades, S., 2021. "A self-tuned rotational vibration energy harvester for self-powered wireless sensing in powertrains," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    9. Krzysztof Kecik, 2022. "Modification of Electromechanical Coupling in Electromagnetic Harvester," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-15, May.
    10. Wang, Wei & Zhang, Ying & Wei, Zon-Han & Cao, Junyi, 2022. "Design and numerical investigation of an ultra-wide bandwidth rolling magnet bistable electromagnetic harvester," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    11. Rezaei, Masoud & Talebitooti, Roohollah & Liao, Wei-Hsin, 2022. "Investigations on magnetic bistable PZT-based absorber for concurrent energy harvesting and vibration mitigation: Numerical and analytical approaches," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    12. Imbaquingo, Carlos & Bahl, Christian & Insinga, Andrea R. & Bjørk, Rasmus, 2022. "A two-dimensional electromagnetic vibration energy harvester with variable stiffness," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    13. Zhenbang Cao & Haotong Ma & Xuegang Yu & Jianliang Shi & Hu Yang & Yi Tan & Ge Ren, 2022. "Global Dynamics of a Vibro-Impact Energy Harvester," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-12, February.
    14. Zhang, Tingsheng & Wu, Xiaoping & Pan, Yajia & Luo, Dabing & Xu, Yongsheng & Zhang, Zutao & Yuan, Yanping & Yan, Jinyue, 2022. "Vibration energy harvesting system based on track energy-recycling technology for heavy-duty freight railroads," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    15. Krzysztof Kecik & Marcin Kowalczuk, 2021. "Effect of Nonlinear Electromechanical Coupling in Magnetic Levitation Energy Harvester," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-16, May.
    16. Li, Xiang & Cao, Yuying & Yu, Xin & Xu, Yuhong & Yang, Yanfei & Liu, Shiming & Cheng, Tinghai & Wang, Zhong Lin, 2022. "Breeze-driven triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting and application in smart agriculture," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PA).
    17. Fang, Zheng & Tan, Xing & Liu, Genshuo & Zhou, Zijie & Pan, Yajia & Ahmed, Ammar & Zhang, Zutao, 2022. "A novel vibration energy harvesting system integrated with an inertial pendulum for zero-energy sensor applications in freight trains," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 318(C).
    18. Tri Nguyen, Hieu & Genov, Dentcho A. & Bardaweel, Hamzeh, 2020. "Vibration energy harvesting using magnetic spring based nonlinear oscillators: Design strategies and insights," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).

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