IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v189y2017icp187-200.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Experimental and modelling investigations of the diesel surrogate fuels in direct injection compression ignition combustion

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Xinlei
  • Wang, Hu
  • Wang, Xiaofeng
  • Zheng, Zunqing
  • Yao, Mingfa

Abstract

Experimental investigations on the combustion and emission characteristics of diesel and three potential diesel surrogate fuels have been performed, including the 85% (vol.) n-heptane blended with 15% toluene (T15), 81% n-heptane blended with 14% toluene and 5% c-hexane (T15+CH5), and 80% (vol.) n-heptane blended with 20% toluene (T20). The experimental results showed that due to the lower reactivity of the three diesel surrogate fuels, the combustion phases were more retarded and the indicated thermal efficiencies were lower compared to diesel. For the diesel surrogate fuels with higher volatility, the soot emissions were lower than those of diesel due to more premixed combustion. Moreover, a reduced n-dodecane-toluene reference fuel-c-hexane-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mechanism composed of 167 species and 671 reactions was formulated and was extensively validated against the experimental results. To clarify the experimental results, the reduced mechanism was then used for the three-dimensional (3-D) modelling investigations. The modelling results showed that the reduced mechanism can reasonably capture the combustion characteristics of T15+CH5 in the direct injection compression ignition combustion. The NOx and soot emissions were both reasonably predicted. From the modelling investigations, it was inferred that the physical effects on the soot emission were larger than the chemical effects of the different fuel carbon-chain structures. According to the 0-D modelling investigations, the soot tendency of the four pure diesel surrogate constituents can be sequenced as toluene>c-hexane>n-dodecane>n-heptane. Given that toluene is the dominant factor affecting the soot formation than the other three components, the soot tendency of the four diesel surrogate fuels can be sequenced as T20>T15+CH5 (n-dodecane)>T15+CH5 (n-heptane)≈T15.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Xinlei & Wang, Hu & Wang, Xiaofeng & Zheng, Zunqing & Yao, Mingfa, 2017. "Experimental and modelling investigations of the diesel surrogate fuels in direct injection compression ignition combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 187-200.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:189:y:2017:i:c:p:187-200
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.054
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261916318177
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.054?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. An, Hui & Yang, Wenming & Li, Jing & Maghbouli, Amin & Chua, Kian Jon & Chou, Siaw Kiang, 2014. "A numerical modeling on the emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled by diesel and biodiesel blend fuels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 458-465.
    2. Pang, Kar Mun & Karvounis, Nikolas & Walther, Jens Honore & Schramm, Jesper, 2016. "Numerical investigation of soot formation and oxidation processes under large two-stroke marine diesel engine-like conditions using integrated CFD-chemical kinetics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 874-887.
    3. Liu, Xinlei & Wang, Hu & Zheng, Zunqing & Liu, Jialin & Reitz, Rolf D. & Yao, Mingfa, 2016. "Development of a combined reduced primary reference fuel-alcohols (methanol/ethanol/propanols/butanols/n-pentanol) mechanism for engine applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 542-558.
    4. Liu, Haifeng & Li, Shanju & Zheng, Zunqing & Xu, Jia & Yao, Mingfa, 2013. "Effects of n-butanol, 2-butanol, and methyl octynoate addition to diesel fuel on combustion and emissions over a wide range of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 246-256.
    5. Nazemi, M. & Shahbakhti, M., 2016. "Modeling and analysis of fuel injection parameters for combustion and performance of an RCCI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 135-150.
    6. Zheng, Zhaolei & Lv, Zhumei, 2015. "A new skeletal chemical kinetic model of gasoline surrogate fuel with nitric oxide in HCCI combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 59-66.
    7. Maghbouli, Amin & Yang, Wenming & An, Hui & Li, Jing & Chou, Siaw Kiang & Chua, Kian Jon, 2013. "An advanced combustion model coupled with detailed chemical reaction mechanism for D.I diesel engine simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 758-770.
    8. Wang, Buyu & Mosbach, Sebastian & Schmutzhard, Sebastian & Shuai, Shijin & Huang, Yaqing & Kraft, Markus, 2016. "Modelling soot formation from wall films in a gasoline direct injection engine using a detailed population balance model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 154-166.
    9. Li, J. & Yang, W.M. & An, H. & Chou, S.K., 2015. "Modeling on blend gasoline/diesel fuel combustion in a direct injection diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 777-783.
    10. Gong, Cheng & Jangi, Mehdi & Bai, Xue-Song, 2014. "Large eddy simulation of n-Dodecane spray combustion in a high pressure combustion vessel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 373-381.
    11. Ng, Hoon Kiat & Gan, Suyin & Ng, Jo-Han & Pang, Kar Mun, 2013. "Simulation of biodiesel combustion in a light-duty diesel engine using integrated compact biodiesel–diesel reaction mechanism," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 1275-1287.
    12. Ma, Shuaiying & Zheng, Zunqing & Liu, Haifeng & Zhang, Quanchang & Yao, Mingfa, 2013. "Experimental investigation of the effects of diesel injection strategy on gasoline/diesel dual-fuel combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 202-212.
    13. Yang, Binbin & Yao, Mingfa & Cheng, Wai K. & Li, Yu & Zheng, Zunqing & Li, Shanju, 2014. "Experimental and numerical study on different dual-fuel combustion modes fuelled with gasoline and diesel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 722-733.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Qiankun & Xia, Jin & He, Zhuoyao & Wang, Jianping & Liu, Rui & Zheng, Liang & Qian, Yong & Ju, Dehao & Lu, Xingcai, 2021. "Experimental study on spray characteristics of six-component diesel surrogate fuel under sub/trans/supercritical conditions with different injection pressures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    2. Raza, Mohsin & Wang, Hu & Yao, Mingfa, 2019. "Numerical investigation of reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) using different multi-component surrogate combinations of diesel and gasoline," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 462-479.
    3. Xu, Leilei & Bai, Xue-Song & Li, Changle & Tunestål, Per & Tunér, Martin & Lu, Xingcai, 2019. "Combustion characteristics of gasoline DICI engine in the transition from HCCI to PPC: Experiment and numerical analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 922-937.
    4. Zeng, Meirong & Yuan, Wenhao & Li, Wei & Zhang, Yan & Wang, Yizun, 2018. "Investigation of n-dodecane pyrolysis at various pressures and the development of a comprehensive combustion model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 152-161.
    5. Sun, Xiuxiu & Liang, Xingyu & Shu, Gequn & Yu, Hanzhengnan & Liu, Hai, 2019. "Development of surrogate fuels for heavy fuel oil in marine engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 961-970.
    6. Keunsang Lee & Haeng Muk Cho, 2024. "Effects of Castor and Corn Biodiesel on Engine Performance and Emissions under Low-Load Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-12, July.
    7. Huang, Haozhong & Lv, Delin & Chen, Yingjie & Zhu, Jizhen & Zhu, Zhaojun & Pan, Mingzhang & Chen, Yajuan & Teng, Wenwen, 2019. "Development and validation of a reduced multi-component mechanism for diesel engine application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jia, Guorui & Wang, Hu & Tong, Laihui & Wang, Xiaofeng & Zheng, Zunqing & Yao, Mingfa, 2017. "Experimental and numerical studies on three gasoline surrogates applied in gasoline compression ignition (GCI) mode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 59-70.
    2. Raza, Mohsin & Wang, Hu & Yao, Mingfa, 2019. "Numerical investigation of reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) using different multi-component surrogate combinations of diesel and gasoline," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 462-479.
    3. Li, Jing & Yang, Wenming & Zhou, Dezhi, 2017. "Review on the management of RCCI engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 65-79.
    4. Zheng, Zunqing & Xia, Mingtao & Liu, Haifeng & Wang, Xiaofeng & Yao, Mingfa, 2018. "Experimental study on combustion and emissions of dual fuel RCCI mode fueled with biodiesel/n-butanol, biodiesel/2,5-dimethylfuran and biodiesel/ethanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 824-838.
    5. Li, Jing & Ling, Xiang & Liu, Deng & Yang, Wenming & Zhou, Dezhi, 2018. "Numerical study on double injection techniques in a gasoline and biodiesel fueled RCCI (reactivity controlled compression ignition) engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 382-392.
    6. Huang, Yuhan & Hong, Guang & Huang, Ronghua, 2015. "Investigation to charge cooling effect and combustion characteristics of ethanol direct injection in a gasoline port injection engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 244-254.
    7. Yang, Hongqiang & Wang, Zhi & Shuai, Shijin & Wang, Jianxin & Xu, Hongming & Wang, Buyu, 2015. "Temporally and spatially distributed combustion in low-octane gasoline multiple premixed compression ignition mode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 150-160.
    8. Huang, Haozhong & Zhou, Chengzhong & Liu, Qingsheng & Wang, Qingxin & Wang, Xueqiang, 2016. "An experimental study on the combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine under low temperature combustion of diesel/gasoline/n-butanol blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 219-231.
    9. Fang, Cheng & Ouyang, Minggao & Tunestal, Per & Yang, Fuyuan & Yang, Xiaofan, 2018. "Closed-loop combustion phase control for multiple combustion modes by multiple injections in a compression ignition engine fueled by gasoline-diesel mixture," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 816-825.
    10. Li, Zilong & Zhang, Yaoyuan & Huang, Guan & Zhao, Wenbin & He, Zhuoyao & Qian, Yong & Lu, Xingcai, 2020. "Control of intake boundary conditions for enabling clean combustion in variable engine conditions under intelligent charge compression ignition (ICCI) mode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    11. Wu, Shaohua & Yang, Wenming & Xu, Hongpeng & Jiang, Yu, 2019. "Investigation of soot aggregate formation and oxidation in compression ignition engines with a pseudo bi-variate soot model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    12. Dong, Shijun & Wang, Zhaowen & Yang, Can & Ou, Biao & Lu, Hongguang & Xu, Haocheng & Cheng, Xiaobei, 2018. "Investigations on the effects of fuel stratification on auto-ignition and combustion process of an ethanol/diesel dual-fuel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 19-30.
    13. Zhong, Yingzi & Han, Weiqiang & Jin, Chao & Tian, Xiaocong & Liu, Haifeng, 2022. "Study on effects of the hydroxyl group position and carbon chain length on combustion and emission characteristics of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with low-carbon st," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    14. Tauzia, Xavier & Maiboom, Alain & Karaky, Hassan, 2017. "Semi-physical models to assess the influence of CI engine calibration parameters on NOx and soot emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 1505-1518.
    15. Wu, Shaohua & Zhou, Dezhi & Yang, Wenming, 2019. "Implementation of an efficient method of moments for treatment of soot formation and oxidation processes in three-dimensional engine simulations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    16. Han, Weiqiang & Li, Bolun & Pan, Suozhu & Lu, Yao & Li, Xin, 2018. "Combined effect of inlet pressure, total cycle energy, and start of injection on low load reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion and emission characteristics in a multi-cylinder heavy-d," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 846-858.
    17. Poorghasemi, Kamran & Saray, Rahim Khoshbakhti & Ansari, Ehsan & Irdmousa, Behrouz Khoshbakht & Shahbakhti, Mehdi & Naber, Jeffery D., 2017. "Effect of diesel injection strategies on natural gas/diesel RCCI combustion characteristics in a light duty diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 430-446.
    18. Wu, Shaohua & Akroyd, Jethro & Mosbach, Sebastian & Brownbridge, George & Parry, Owen & Page, Vivian & Yang, Wenming & Kraft, Markus, 2020. "Efficient simulation and auto-calibration of soot particle processes in Diesel engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    19. Guerry, E. Scott & Raihan, Mostafa S. & Srinivasan, Kalyan K. & Krishnan, Sundar R. & Sohail, Aamir, 2016. "Injection timing effects on partially premixed diesel–methane dual fuel low temperature combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 99-113.
    20. Thomas Lauer & Jens Frühhaber, 2020. "Towards a Predictive Simulation of Turbulent Combustion?—An Assessment for Large Internal Combustion Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-26, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:189:y:2017:i:c:p:187-200. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.