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Lipid content in microalgae determines the quality of biocrude and Energy Return On Investment of hydrothermal liquefaction

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  • Yoo, Gursong
  • Park, Min S.
  • Yang, Ji-Won
  • Choi, Minkee

Abstract

While the potential of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of microalgae to produce biocrude regardless of the types of microalgae (biomass-agnostic) has been noted, the quality of biocrude and the Energy Return On Investment (EROI) of HTL of various microalgal species have not been compared in detail. Here we report that the quality of biocrude and the EROI of microalgal HTL are directly dependent on the lipid contents of microalgae. When Nannochloropsis oceanica (30.2% lipid content) and Golenkinia sp. (17.3% lipid content) were compared for the quality of HTL in terms of the total yield, asphaltene/non-asphaltene contents, heteroatom (O, N, and S) concentrations, and the effective hydrogen-to-carbon ratios (H/Ceff) of the biocrudes, N. oceanica with high lipid content produced biocrude that can be more suitable for catalytic upgrading to transportation fuels than the biocrude from Golenkinia sp. with low lipid content. HTL of N. oceanica at low temperature (200°C) in particular produced the biocrude with EROI that was better than that of Golenkinia sp. These results strongly support that the choice of microalgae with high lipid content is still a key factor that must be considered for biocrude production as much as it is regarded important for biodiesel production using microalgal biomass.

Suggested Citation

  • Yoo, Gursong & Park, Min S. & Yang, Ji-Won & Choi, Minkee, 2015. "Lipid content in microalgae determines the quality of biocrude and Energy Return On Investment of hydrothermal liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 354-361.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:156:y:2015:i:c:p:354-361
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.07.020
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    1. Bennion, Edward P. & Ginosar, Daniel M. & Moses, John & Agblevor, Foster & Quinn, Jason C., 2015. "Lifecycle assessment of microalgae to biofuel: Comparison of thermochemical processing pathways," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1062-1071.
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    6. Goknur Sisman-Aydin & Kemal Simsek, 2022. "Investigation of the Phycoremediation Potential of Freshwater Green Algae Golenkinia radiata for Municipal Wastewater," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-18, November.
    7. Azizi, Kolsoom & Keshavarz Moraveji, Mostafa & Abedini Najafabadi, Hamed, 2018. "A review on bio-fuel production from microalgal biomass by using pyrolysis method," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3046-3059.
    8. Makoto M. Watanabe & Andreas Isdepsky, 2021. "Biocrude Oil Production by Integrating Microalgae Polyculture and Wastewater Treatment: Novel Proposal on the Use of Deep Water-Depth Polyculture of Mixotrophic Microalgae," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-29, October.
    9. Ayala-Cortés, Alejandro & Arcelus-Arrillaga, Pedro & Millan, Marcos & Arancibia-Bulnes, Camilo A. & Valadés-Pelayo, Patricio J. & Villafán-Vidales, Heidi Isabel, 2021. "Solar integrated hydrothermal processes: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    10. Sharma, Nishesh & Jaiswal, Krishna Kumar & Kumar, Vinod & Vlaskin, Mikhail S. & Nanda, Manisha & Rautela, Indra & Tomar, Mahipal Singh & Ahmad, Waseem, 2021. "Effect of catalyst and temperature on the quality and productivity of HTL bio-oil from microalgae: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 810-822.
    11. Chiaramonti, David & Prussi, Matteo & Buffi, Marco & Rizzo, Andrea Maria & Pari, Luigi, 2017. "Review and experimental study on pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae for biofuel production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 963-972.
    12. Hallenbeck, P.C. & Grogger, M. & Mraz, M. & Veverka, D., 2016. "Solar biofuels production with microalgae," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 136-145.
    13. Azizi, Kolsoom & Moshfegh Haghighi, Ali & Keshavarz Moraveji, Mostafa & Olazar, Martin & Lopez, Gartzen, 2019. "Co-pyrolysis of binary and ternary mixtures of microalgae, wood and waste tires through TGA," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 264-271.
    14. Sandra Lage & Zivan Gojkovic & Christiane Funk & Francesco G. Gentili, 2018. "Algal Biomass from Wastewater and Flue Gases as a Source of Bioenergy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-30, March.
    15. Shahnazari, Mahdi & Bahri, Parisa A. & Parlevliet, David & Minakshi, Manickam & Moheimani, Navid R., 2017. "Sustainable conversion of light to algal biomass and electricity: A net energy return analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 218-229.

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