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Kinetics of faecal biomass hydrothermal carbonisation for hydrochar production

Author

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  • Danso-Boateng, E.
  • Holdich, R.G.
  • Shama, G.
  • Wheatley, A.D.
  • Sohail, M.
  • Martin, S.J.

Abstract

Decomposition kinetics of primary sewage sludge (PSS) and synthetic faeces (SF), of various moisture contents, were investigated over different reaction times and temperatures using a hydrothermal batch reactor. Solid decomposition of PSS and SF was first-order with activation energies of 70 and 78kJ/mol, and pre-exponential factors of 4.0×106 and 1.5×107min−1, respectively. Solid decomposition was significantly affected by reaction temperature more so than reaction time. Higher temperature resulted in higher solids conversion to hydrochar. Equilibrium solid hydrochar yields (relative to the original dry mass used) were 74%, 66%, 61% and 60% for PSS at 140, 170, 190 and 200°C respectively, and 85%, 49%, 48% and 47% for SF at 140, 160, 180 and 200°C respectively. Energy contents of the hydrochars from PSS carbonised at 140–200°C for 4h ranged from 21.5 to 23.1MJ/kg, and increased following carbonisation. Moisture content was found to affect the Hydrothermal Carbonisation (HTC) process; feedstocks with higher initial moisture content resulted in lower hydrochar yield and the extent of carbonisation was more evident in feedstock with lower moisture content. The results of this study provide information useful for the design and optimisation of HTC systems for waste treatment.

Suggested Citation

  • Danso-Boateng, E. & Holdich, R.G. & Shama, G. & Wheatley, A.D. & Sohail, M. & Martin, S.J., 2013. "Kinetics of faecal biomass hydrothermal carbonisation for hydrochar production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 351-357.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:111:y:2013:i:c:p:351-357
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.090
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    7. Shamsul, N.S. & Kamarudin, S.K. & Rahman, N.A., 2017. "Conversion of bio-oil to bio gasoline via pyrolysis and hydrothermal: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 538-549.
    8. Wang, Liping & Chang, Yuzhi & Li, Aimin, 2019. "Hydrothermal carbonization for energy-efficient processing of sewage sludge: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 423-440.
    9. Czerwińska, Klaudia & Śliz, Maciej & Wilk, Małgorzata, 2022. "Hydrothermal carbonization process: Fundamentals, main parameter characteristics and possible applications including an effective method of SARS-CoV-2 mitigation in sewage sludge. A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
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    11. Koottatep, Thammarat & Fakkaew, Krailak & Tajai, Nutnicha & Pradeep, Sangeetha V. & Polprasert, Chongrak, 2016. "Sludge stabilization and energy recovery by hydrothermal carbonization process," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 978-985.
    12. Recalde, Mayra & Woudstra, Theo & Aravind, P.V., 2018. "Renewed sanitation technology: A highly efficient faecal-sludge gasification–solid oxide fuel cell power plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 515-529.
    13. Cheng, Chen & Ding, Lu & Guo, Qinghua & He, Qing & Gong, Yan & Alexander, Kozlov N. & Yu, Guangsuo, 2022. "Process analysis and kinetic modeling of coconut shell hydrothermal carbonization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 315(C).
    14. Aragón-Briceño, C. & Ross, A.B. & Camargo-Valero, M.A., 2017. "Evaluation and comparison of product yields and bio-methane potential in sewage digestate following hydrothermal treatment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 1357-1369.
    15. Zhao, Peitao & Shen, Yafei & Ge, Shifu & Chen, Zhenqian & Yoshikawa, Kunio, 2014. "Clean solid biofuel production from high moisture content waste biomass employing hydrothermal treatment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 345-367.
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