Crises sans fin, solutions importées : déconstruire l’illusion des modèles de gouvernance exogènes en Afrique

For several decades, governance in Africa has been marked by a series of recurring crises, amplified by the importation and application of exogenous governance models derived from Western experiences. These models, often presented as universal, clash with the socio-political, historical, and cultural realities specific to the African context, leading to structural and repeated failures. This theoretical article offers an in-depth critical analysis of the inherent limitations of these imported paradigms, questioning their relevance and their ability to provide a lasting response to the specific challenges of African governance systems. The methodological approach combines a systematic and reflective review of the literature with a comparative analysis of cases from various regions of the continent, revealing the tensions between Western normative prescriptions and local dynamics. The results highlight that the failure of imported models is not simply the result of poor implementation but reflects a major epistemological gap between exogenous paradigms and endogenous processes. This theoretical contribution argues for a decolonization of governance knowledge and a conceptual readjustment based on contextual and indigenous approaches, which are essential for overcoming persistent crises and promoting sustainable governance trajectories in Africa.