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Relación entre el PIB y algunos indicadores de Ciencia y Tecnología: Colombia vs. Corea del Sur

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  • Johnatan Castelblanco Gómez
  • Jorge Robledo Velásquez

Abstract

Resumen Se parte de la afirmación de que la innovación, como resultado de los procesos de I+D, es un factor clave y fundamental para el desarrollo económico de los países; se plantea entonces la pregunta de cuál es el peso y la relación específica de algunos indicadores de Ciencia y Tecnología con el crecimiento del PIB per cápita, como un indicador aproximado y simple del desarrollo económico. En este artículo se propone un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple que relaciona el PIB per cápita (USD constante de 2000) y las siguientes variables de ciencia y tecnología: número de investigadores en el área de investigación y desarrollo (por millón de personas), inversión en investigación y desarrollo (como porcentaje del PIB), número de patentes concedidas a residentes y, adicionalmente, la población total. El análisis de regresión se realiza para Colombia y Corea del Sur, y se comparan los dos modelos obtenidos, encontrando diferencias significativas en el peso de las variables entre cada país. Finalmente, se estima el crecimiento del PIB para el 2020, usando dichos modelos para cada país. ****** Abstract Taking into account the assertion that, innovation (as a result of R&D processes) is critical to the development of countries, a question arises: ¿What is the relevance and the specific relation of some indicators of science and technology with per capita GDP growth as an approximate and simple indicator of economic development? This paper proposes a multi-linear regression model that relates per capita GDP (a 2000 USD base) and the following variables of science and technology: R&D researchers (per million people), investment in R&D (percentage of GDP), patents granted to residents, and the overall population. In the paper, a regression analysis is performed using data from Colombia and South Korea; the two models obtained are compared leading to significant differences in the variable weighting for each country. Finally, the GDP growth for the year 2020 is estimated using the regression models for each country.

Suggested Citation

  • Johnatan Castelblanco Gómez & Jorge Robledo Velásquez, 2014. "Relación entre el PIB y algunos indicadores de Ciencia y Tecnología: Colombia vs. Corea del Sur," Escenarios: Empresas y Territorio, Institución Universitaria ESUMER, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000502:014533
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    References listed on IDEAS

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