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Shifting attitudes towards identity, borders and geopolitical choices: The case of Moldova

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  • Loredana Maria Simionov

Abstract

The ongoing war at the immediate borders of the European Union (EU) poses the greatest security risk Europe has known since the end of the Second World War. Although the entire continent is on high alert, the proximity to the conflict is definitely an important factor to consider when assessing security risks. In this regard, not only is Moldova at Ukraine’s border, but its recent history (especially the frozen conflict in Transnistria) and the complicated relations with Russia, add to enhancing people’s fears and uncertainty. Moreover, the closed cultural, historical and ethnic ties that Moldova shares with Romania – a NATO and EU member – often fuel Russia’s threat perceptions to its Transistrian proxy. Within this context, this paper aims to assess the attitudes that Moldovans – a population that is traditionally divided between West and East, between EU (respectively Romania) and Russia – display towards their own identity and the path that their country should embrace in this difficult geopolitical design through mixed methods research. The main findings indicate a clear shift in Moldovans’ attitudes towards a stronger alignment with European integration that is also reflected in the preference regarding their country’s future geopolitical path. La guerra en curso en las fronteras inmediatas de la Unión Europea (UE) supone el mayor riesgo para la seguridad que Europa ha conocido desde el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Aunque todo el continente está en alerta máxima, la proximidad del conflicto es sin duda un factor importante a tener en cuenta a la hora de evaluar los riesgos para la seguridad. En este sentido, Moldavia no sólo comparte frontera con Ucrania, sino que su historia reciente (especialmente el arraigado conflicto del Transnistria) y las complicadas relaciones con Rusia, contribuyen a aumentar los temores y la incertidumbre de la población. Además, los estrechos lazos culturales, históricos y étnicos que Moldavia comparte con Rumanía, un miembro de la OTAN y de la UE, alimentan a menudo la percepción de amenaza de Rusia hacia su acólito en Transnistria. En este contexto, el presente artículo trata de evaluar las actitudes que la población moldava, tradicionalmente dividida entre Occidente y Oriente, entre la UE (respectivamente Rumanía) y Rusia, muestra hacia su propia identidad y el camino que su país debe escoger en este difícil diseño geopolítico a través de una investigación con métodos mixtos. Los principales hallazgos indican un claro cambio en las actitudes de la población moldava hacia una mayor alineación con la integración europea que también se refleja en la preferencia sobre la futura trayectoria geopolítica de su país. 欧州連合(EU)に直に接する国境で進行している戦争は、第2次世界大戦後の欧州が経験した中でも安全保障上の最大のリスクをもたらしている。大陸全体が厳戒態勢にあるが、紛争との近接性は、安全保障上のリスクを評価する際に考慮すべき重要な要素であることは間違いない。この点で、モルドバがウクライナの国境にあるだけでなく、最近の歴史(特に沿ドニエストル地域の凍結された紛争)やロシアとの複雑な関係も、人々の恐怖と不安を増大させている。さらには、モルドバがNATOおよびEU加盟国であるルーマニアと文化的、歴史的、民族的に緊密な関係にあることは、ロシアの代理ともいえる沿ドニエストル地域に対して脅威として認識されることを煽るものである。こうした背景の中で、本稿は、伝統的に西と東、EU(それぞれルーマニア)とロシアに分断されて居住しているモルドバ人の自身のアイデンティティに対する考えと、このような困難な地政学的状況の中で彼らの国が進むべき道を、様々な手法を組み合わせた研究によって評価することを目的としている。主な結果から、欧州統合とのより強固な連携に対するモルドバ人の姿勢が明らかに変化していることが示されており、これはモルドバが将来進むべき地政学的な方向に関する好みにも反映されている。

Suggested Citation

  • Loredana Maria Simionov, 2023. "Shifting attitudes towards identity, borders and geopolitical choices: The case of Moldova," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(1), pages 200-221, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:200-221
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12613
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    1. Tomaz Ponce Dentinho & Karima Kourtit & Peter Nijkamp, 2023. "Generalized Q analysis as a new tool in social science research - a pedagogical introduction," Eastern Journal of European Studies, Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, vol. 14, pages 5-21, December.

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