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Global indicators and AI policy: Metrics, policy scripts, and narratives

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  • Tero Erkkilä

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a global policy issue that is actively governed by international actors producing governance indicators. This article argues that despite the arguments about disruptions to governance and policy due to AI, the global rankings increasingly constitute a strong path dependence on AI policy, leading to conformity with existing policies and institutional practices of economic competitiveness. By analyzing the composition and data sources of global indices in competitiveness, innovation, human capital, and artificial intelligence, I will show how the global rankings now evolve by sharing data and concepts. Consequently, these metrics and related policy scripts promote the seeming continuity of current activities of global competitiveness. AI is discussed as a “revolution” but framed as a matter of “competitiveness,” “openness,” and “talent competition,” implying standard perceptions of economic competitiveness and innovation. There is also a narrative element in the policy script, as the future policies on AI are promoted with references to history that also project the past into the future. My article concludes that while path‐dependent policy indicators and related future narratives give a sense of orientation, they are problematic as they portray a seeming continuity of activities in times of disruptions, delimiting policy alternatives such as AI ethics. 人工智能(AI)已成为一个全球政策问题,由制定治理指标的国际行动者进行积极治理。本文论证认为,尽管存在关于“人工智能对治理和政策造成破坏”的争论,但全球排名越来越对人工智能政策构成强烈的路径依赖,从而导致遵从现有政策和经济竞争力的制度实践。通过分析有关竞争力、创新、人力资本和人工智能的全球指数的构成和数据来源,我将展示全球排名目前如何通过共享数据和概念而发生演变。因此,这些指标和相关政策规范(policy scripts)促进了当前全球竞争力活动的表面连续性。人工智能被讨论为一场“革命”,但被界定为一个关于“竞争力”、“开放”和“人才竞争”的事务,这暗示着对经济竞争力和创新的标准认知。政策规范中也存在一个叙事要素,因为未来的人工智能政策是通过参考历史来推广的,这些历史也将过去投射到未来。本文的结论认为,依赖于路径的政策指标和相关的未来叙事尽管提供了一种方向感,但它们是存在问题的,因为其在颠覆性时代描绘了一种将不同活动相连接的表面连续性,同时界定了一系列政策替代选项,例如人工智能伦理。 La inteligencia artificial (IA) se ha convertido en un tema de política global que está activamente gobernado por actores internacionales que producen indicadores de gobernanza. Este artículo argumenta que a pesar de los argumentos sobre las interrupciones en la gobernanza y las políticas debido a la IA, las clasificaciones globales constituyen cada vez más una fuerte dependencia del camino para la política de IA, lo que lleva a la conformidad con las políticas y prácticas institucionales existentes de competitividad económica. Al analizar la composición y las fuentes de datos de los índices globales de competitividad, innovación, capital humano e inteligencia artificial, mostraré cómo evolucionan ahora las clasificaciones globales al compartir datos y conceptos. En consecuencia, estas métricas y guiones de política relacionados promueven la aparente continuidad de las actividades actuales de competitividad global. La IA se analiza como una “revolución”, pero se enmarca como una cuestión de “competitividad”, “apertura” y “competencia de talentos”, lo que implica percepciones estándar de competitividad económica e innovación. También hay un elemento narrativo en el guion de la política, ya que las futuras políticas sobre IA se promueven con referencias a la historia que también proyectan el pasado hacia el futuro. Mi artículo concluye que, si bien los indicadores de políticas dependientes de la ruta y las narrativas futuras relacionadas brindan un sentido de orientación, son problemáticos ya que representan una aparente continuidad de actividades en tiempos de interrupciones, lo que delimita alternativas de políticas como la ética de la IA.

Suggested Citation

  • Tero Erkkilä, 2023. "Global indicators and AI policy: Metrics, policy scripts, and narratives," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 40(5), pages 811-839, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:40:y:2023:i:5:p:811-839
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12556
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