IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/revpol/v40y2023i5p705-728.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Traveling AI‐essentialism and national AI strategies: A comparison between South Korea and France

Author

Listed:
  • Jongheon Kim

Abstract

In this paper, I investigate what common discourses National AI Strategies (NAISs) share and how they have unfolded differently in diverging national contexts. For this purpose, I compare the South Korean and French cases by relying on the notions of sociotechnical imaginary and future essentialism. I analyze (1) the emergence of the common discourses, which I call AI‐essentialism, over the past decade; (2) the development of imaginaries around IT in Korea and France in the twentieth century, namely technological developmentalism and the American challenge, respectively; and (3) the integration of the traveling AI‐essentialism and nationally embedded imaginaries of IT into each country's NAISs. The analysis indicates that: (1) AI‐essentialism incorporated discursive strategies, enabling political and industrial leaders to naturalize AI development, hence justifying increased investments in the field; (2) two countries' imaginaries of IT diverged due to the successes and failures throughout the second half of the twentieth century; and (3) while two countries' NAISs share AI‐essentialism's discursive instruments, their specific measures and unfolding have varied in relation to each case's existing imaginaries of IT. En este artículo, investigo qué discursos comunes comparten las Estrategias Nacionales de IA (NAIS) y cómo se han desarrollado de manera diferente en contextos nacionales divergentes. Para ello, comparo los casos de Corea del Sur y Francia apoyándome en las nociones de imaginario sociotécnico y esencialismo futuro. Analizo (1) el surgimiento de los discursos comunes, que llamo esencialismo de IA, durante la última década; (2) el desarrollo de imaginarios en torno a las TI en Corea y Francia en el siglo XX, a saber, el desarrollismo tecnológico y el desafío estadounidense, respectivamente; y (3) la integración del esencialismo de la IA itinerante y los imaginarios de TI integrados a nivel nacional en los NAIS de cada país. El análisis indica que: (1) el esencialismo de la IA incorporó estrategias discursivas, lo que permitió a los líderes políticos e industriales naturalizar el desarrollo de la IA, justificando así mayores inversiones en el campo; (2) los imaginarios de TI de dos países divergieron debido a los éxitos y fracasos a lo largo de la segunda mitad del siglo XX; y (3) si bien los NAIS de dos países comparten los instrumentos discursivos del esencialismo de la IA, sus medidas y desarrollos específicos han variado en relación con los imaginarios de TI existentes en cada caso. 本文中,我研究了国家人工智能战略(NAIS)具有哪些共同话语,以及这些共同话语如何在不同的国家情境中以不同方式展开。为此,我使用社会技术想象和未来本质主义的概念来比较韩国和法国的案例。我分析了(1)过去十年出现的共同话语,我称之为人工智能(AI)本质主义;(2)20世纪韩国和法国围绕IT的想象发展,分别为技术发展主义和美国挑战;(3)快速传播的AI本质主义和嵌入全国的IT想象如何整合到每个国家的AI战略中。分析表明:(1)AI本质主义结合了话语策略,使政界和工业领导人能够将AI的发展自然化,从而证明该领域的投资增加是合理的;(2)由于整个20世纪下半叶的成功与失败,两国对IT的想象出现了分歧;(3)虽然两国的AI战略都运用了AI本质主义的话语工具,但它们的具体措施和展开方式因各自对IT的现有想象而异。

Suggested Citation

  • Jongheon Kim, 2023. "Traveling AI‐essentialism and national AI strategies: A comparison between South Korea and France," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 40(5), pages 705-728, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:40:y:2023:i:5:p:705-728
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12552
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/ropr.12552
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/ropr.12552?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:40:y:2023:i:5:p:705-728. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ipsonea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.