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Formes institutionnelles, rationalité axiologique et conventions

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  • Bernard Enjolras

Abstract

Resume Pour la théorie des coûts de transaction la firme est préférée au marché lorsque les coûts de transaction sont élevés. Si de ce point de vue le marché et la hiérarchie constituent deux formes institutionnelles alternatives de coordination des activités, il reste à expliquer pourquoi certaines organisations prennent la forme lucrative tandis que d’autres prennent la forme non lucrative ou publique. Les explications en termes de coûts de transaction et d’échecs du marché ont en commun de reposer sur une hypothèse de comportement, celle de l’acteur rationnel et égoïste. Or le comportement des acteurs ne peut se réduire à la rationalité instrumentale. L’objectif de cet article n’est pas de dénier la pertinence des approches traditionnelles en termes d’échecs du marché mais d’en limiter le champ d’application. La thèse qui est développée ici est qu’il existe un certain nombre d’activités qui n’ont pas une finalité instrumentale ou économique mais axiologique, bien que comportant une dimension économique, dont la mise en oeuvre requiert des formes institutionnelles et des structures de gouvernance qui sont adaptées à leurs finalités. Pour ces activités, le marché est en échec parce que la rationalité de ces activités lui est étrangère. Les formes non lucratives et publiques offrent une structure de gouvernance adaptée à l’exercice de la rationalité axiologique.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernard Enjolras, 2004. "Formes institutionnelles, rationalité axiologique et conventions," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 75(4), pages 595-617, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:annpce:v:75:y:2004:i:4:p:595-617
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8292.2004.00264.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Jean-Jacques Laffont & Jean Tirole, 1993. "A Theory of Incentives in Procurement and Regulation," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262121743, December.
    4. Bernard Enjolras, 2000. "Coordination failure, property rights and non-profit organizations," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 71(3), pages 347-374, September.
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