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The transition to carbon neutrality: effects on price stability
[Transition vers la neutralité carbone : quels effets sur la stabilité des prix ?]

Author

Listed:
  • Dees Stéphane
  • De Gaye Annabelle
  • Thubin Camille
  • Wegner Oriane

Abstract

Green transition policies could have effects on inflation through higher energy and industrial input prices, whether caused by increases in the price of carbon, by regulations or by tensions over critical minerals needed for renewable energy. Green transition policies could also affect inflation through delays in the relative price adjustment of energy-intensive goods, or through economic disruptions linked to the restructuring and adaptation of the productive system. On the whole, the magnitude and duration of the effects of the transition to carbon neutrality on inflation will depend on the transition strategy chosen. While a number of short and medium-term scenarios risk being inflationary, there are also factors that could curb inflation. Moreover, the earlier and more gradually the transition is implemented, the lower the inflation costs will be. Les politiques de transition écologique pourraient avoir des effets sur l’inflation en raison de la hausse des prix de l’énergie ou des intrants industriels, qu’elle soit causée par des augmentations du prix du carbone, des réglementations ou des tensions sur des minéraux critiques nécessaires aux énergies renouvelables. Le processus de transition écologique pourrait également affecter l’inflation du fait de délais d’ajustement des prix relatifs des biens intensifs en énergie, ou des perturbations économiques liées aux restructurations et adaptations de l’appareil productif. Au total, l’ampleur et la durée des effets de la transition vers la neutralité carbone sur l’inflation dépendront de la stratégie de transition choisie. Si plusieurs scénarios envisageables à court et moyen terme peuvent être inflationnistes, d’autres facteurs sont susceptibles à l’inverse de freiner l’inflation. En outre, plus la transition sera mise en œuvre tôt et de manière graduelle, plus les coûts liés à l’inflation seront faibles.

Suggested Citation

  • Dees Stéphane & De Gaye Annabelle & Thubin Camille & Wegner Oriane, 2023. "The transition to carbon neutrality: effects on price stability [Transition vers la neutralité carbone : quels effets sur la stabilité des prix ?]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 245.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2023:245:03
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    References listed on IDEAS

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