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HIV risk behavior reduction following intervention with key opinion leaders of population: An experimental analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Kelly, J.A.
  • St. Lawrence, J.S.
  • Diaz, Y.E.
  • Stevenson, L.Y.
  • Hauth, A.C.
  • Brasfield, T.L.
  • Kalichman, S.C.
  • Smith, J.E.
  • Andrew, M.E.

Abstract

Background and Purpose. Peer norms influence the adoption of behavior changes to reduce risk for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. By experimentally intervening at a community level to modify risk behavior norms, it may be possible to promote generalized reductions in HIV risk practices within a population. Methods. We trained persons reliably identified as popular opinion leaders among gay men in a small city to serve as behavior change endorsers to their peers. The opinion leaders acquired social skills for making these endorsements and complied in talking frequently with friends and acquaintances. Before and after intervention, we conducted surveys of men patronizing gay clubs in the intervention city and in two matched comparison cities. Results. In the intervention city, the proportion of men who engaged in any unprotected anal intercourse in a two-month period decreased from 36.9 percent to 27.5 percent (-25 percent from baseline), with a reduction from 27.1 percent to 19.0 percent (-30 percent from baseline) for unprotected receptive anal intercourse. Relative to baseline levels, there was a 16 percent increase in condom use during anal intercourse and an 18 percent decrease in the proportion of men with more than one sexual partner. Little or no change was observed among men in the comparison cities over the same period of time. Conclusions. Interventions that employ peer leaders to endorse change may produce or accelerate population behavior changes to lessen risk for HIV infection.

Suggested Citation

  • Kelly, J.A. & St. Lawrence, J.S. & Diaz, Y.E. & Stevenson, L.Y. & Hauth, A.C. & Brasfield, T.L. & Kalichman, S.C. & Smith, J.E. & Andrew, M.E., 1991. "HIV risk behavior reduction following intervention with key opinion leaders of population: An experimental analysis," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 81(2), pages 168-171.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1991:81:2:168-171_6
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    Cited by:

    1. Gayen, Kaberi & Raeside, Robert, 2007. "Social networks, normative influence and health delivery in rural Bangladesh," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(5), pages 900-914, September.
    2. Estrada, Fernando, 2010. "Los mercados de opinión pública [The markets of public opinion]," MPRA Paper 20161, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Lindsay E. Young & John A. Schneider, 2021. "The Co-Evolution of Network Structure and PrEP Adoption among a Large Cohort of PrEP Peer Leaders: Implications for Intervention Evaluation and Community Capacity-Building," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-19, June.
    4. Galeotti, Andrea & Goyal, Sanjeev, 2007. "A Theory of Strategic Diffusion," Economics Discussion Papers 2983, University of Essex, Department of Economics.
    5. Galeotti, Andrea & Goyal, Sanjeev, 2007. "The Law of the Few," Economics Discussion Papers 2981, University of Essex, Department of Economics.
    6. Sabina B. Gesell & Shari L. Barkin & Edward H. Ip & Santiago J. Saldana & Evan C. Sommer & Thomas W. Valente & Kayla de la Haye, 2021. "Leveraging Emergent Social Networks to Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Low-Income Parents With Preschool-Aged Children," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, July.
    7. Thomas W. Valente & Rebecca L. Davis, 1999. "Accelerating the Diffusion of Innovations Using Opinion Leaders," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 566(1), pages 55-67, November.
    8. Laura German & Jeremias Mowo & Margaret Kingamkono, 2006. "A methodology for tracking the “fate” of technological interventions in agriculture," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 23(3), pages 353-369, October.
    9. Schneider, John A. & McFadden, Rachel B. & Laumann, Edward O. & Prem Kumar, S.G. & Gandham, Sabitha R. & Oruganti, Ganesh, 2012. "Candidate change agent identification among men at risk for HIV infection," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(7), pages 1192-1201.
    10. Moser, Stephanie & Mosler, Hans-Joachim, 2008. "Differences in influence patterns between groups predicting the adoption of a solar disinfection technology for drinking water in Bolivia," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(4), pages 497-504, August.
    11. Maiorana, Andre & Kegeles, Susan & Fernandez, Percy & Salazar, Ximena & Caceres, Carlos & Sandoval, Clara & Rosasco, Ana Maria & Coates, Thomas, 2007. "Implementation and evaluation of an HIV/STD intervention in Peru," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 82-93, February.
    12. Ian W. Holloway & Robert Bednarczyk & Vincent L. Fenimore & Cameron Goldbeck & Elizabeth Wu & Rebecca Himmelstein & Diane Tan & Laura Randall & Chelsea S. Lutz & Paula M. Frew, 2018. "Factors Associated with Immunization Opinion Leadership among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Los Angeles, California," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-12, May.
    13. Andrea Galeotti & Sanjeev Goyal, 2009. "Influencing the influencers: a theory of strategic diffusion," RAND Journal of Economics, RAND Corporation, vol. 40(3), pages 509-532, September.
    14. Goyal, Sanjeev & Galeotti, Andrea, 2007. "A Theory of Strategic Diffusion," Coalition Theory Network Working Papers 9096, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM).
    15. Crittenden, Kathleen S. & Kaponda, Chrissie P.N. & Jere, Diana L. & McCreary, Linda L. & Norr, Kathleen F., 2015. "Participation and diffusion effects of a peer-intervention for HIV prevention among adults in rural Malawi," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 136-144.
    16. Lakon, Cynthia M. & Valente, Thomas W., 2012. "Social integration in friendship networks: The synergy of network structure and peer influence in relation to cigarette smoking among high risk adolescents," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(9), pages 1407-1417.
    17. Emine Yaylali & Paul G Farnham & Stacy Cohen & David W Purcell & Heather Hauck & Stephanie L Sansom, 2018. "Optimal allocation of HIV prevention funds for state health departments," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(5), pages 1-16, May.
    18. Ruth M. Harris & Kathryn Hopkins Kavanagh & Susan E. Hetherington & Doris E. Scott, 1992. "Strategies for AIDS Prevention," Clinical Nursing Research, , vol. 1(1), pages 9-24, February.
    19. Schneider, John A. & Zhou, A. Ning & Laumann, Edward O., 2015. "A new HIV prevention network approach: Sociometric peer change agent selection," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 192-202.

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