IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ags/remaae/12443.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal Retaliation in International Commodity Markets

Author

Listed:
  • Vanzetti, David
  • Kennedy, John O.S.

Abstract

Retaliation and other strategic trade policies can be readily observed in world commodity markets. Strategic behaviour can be analysed with game-theoretic models. Game theory is used to assess the effects of retaliation, given that traders assume that rivals will respond to any policy change. Estimates of expected responses are obtained for each trading bloc, and are included in regional welfare functions. These are used to derive a market-cleaning global equilibrium in which domestic prices, trade flow and welfare distribution in each region are determined. Market power among importers relative to exporters determines the effect of changes in expectations of retaliation on optimal trade policies and trade flows. The analysis is applied to a twenty-one region linear wheat trade model.

Suggested Citation

  • Vanzetti, David & Kennedy, John O.S., 1989. "Optimal Retaliation in International Commodity Markets," Review of Marketing and Agricultural Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 57(01-02-03), pages 1-25, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:remaae:12443
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.12443
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/12443/files/57010093.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.12443?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Carl H. Nelson & Bruce A. McCarl, 1984. "Including Imperfect Competition in Spatial Equilibrium Models," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 32(1), pages 55-70, March.
    2. Colin Carter & Nancy Gallini & Andrew Schmitz, 1980. "Producer-Consumer Trade-Offs in Export Cartels: The Wheat Cartel Case," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 62(4), pages 812-818.
    3. Martin K. Perry, 1982. "Oligopoly and Consistent Conjectural Variations," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 13(1), pages 197-205, Spring.
    4. Charles D. Kolstad & Anthony E. Burris, 1986. "Imperfectly Competitive Equilibria in International Commodity Markets," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 68(1), pages 27-36.
    5. David Vanzetti & John Kennedy, 1988. "Endogenous Price Policies and International Wheat Prices: Comment," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 70(3), pages 743-746.
    6. Gardner, Bruce L., 1988. "Export Policy, Deficiency Payments, and a Consumption Tax," Journal of Agricultural Economics Research, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, vol. 40(1), pages 1-4.
    7. Harry G. Johnson, 1953. "Optimum Tariffs and Retaliation," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 21(2), pages 142-153.
    8. Philip L. Paarlberg & Philip C. Abbott, 1986. "Oligopolistic Behavior by Public Agencies in International Trade: The World Wheat Market," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 68(3), pages 528-542.
    9. Kuga, Kiyoshi, 1973. "Tariff retaliation and policy equilibrium," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 351-366, November.
    10. Alexander H. Sarris & John Freebairn, 1983. "Endogenous Price Policies and International Wheat Prices," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 65(2), pages 214-224.
    11. Edward Tower, 1975. "The Optimum Quota and Retaliation," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 42(4), pages 623-630.
    12. Rodriguez, Carlos Alfredo, 1974. "The non-equivalence of tariffs and quotas under retaliation," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 4(3), pages 295-298, August.
    13. Colin Carter & Andrew Schmitz, 1979. "Import Tariffs and Price Formation in the World Wheat Market," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 61(3), pages 517-522.
    14. Ronald W. Jones, 1967. "International Capital Movements and the Theory of Tariffs and Trade," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 81(1), pages 1-38.
    15. Alex F. McCalla, 1966. "A Duopoly Model of World Wheat Pricing," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 48(3_Part_I), pages 711-727.
    16. Chris M. Alaouze & A. S. Watson & N. H. Sturgess, 1978. "Oligopoly Pricing in the World Wheat Market," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 60(2), pages 173-185.
    17. Otani, Yoshihiko, 1980. "Strategic Equilibrium of Tariffs and General Equilibrium," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 48(3), pages 643-662, April.
    18. T. de Scitovszky, 1942. "A Reconsideration of the Theory of Tariffs," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 9(2), pages 89-110.
    19. Bresnahan, Timothy F, 1981. "Duopoly Models with Consistent Conjectures," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(5), pages 934-945, December.
    20. Morton I. Kamien & Nancy L. Schwartz, 1983. "Conjectural Variations," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 16(2), pages 191-211, May.
    21. Batra, Raveendra N. & Seth, Avinash C., 1977. "Unemployment, tariffs and the theory of international trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 7(3), pages 295-306, August.
    22. Larry S. Karp & Alex F. McCalla, 1983. "Dynamic Games and International Trade: An Application to the World Corn Market," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 65(4), pages 641-650.
    23. Thursby, Marie & Jensen, Richard, 1983. "A conjectural variation approach to strategic tariff equilibria," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1-2), pages 145-161, February.
    24. D. J. Horwell, 1966. "Optimum Tariffs and Tariff Policy," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 33(2), pages 147-158.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. D. MacLaren, 1991. "Agricultural Trade Policy Analysis And International Trade Theory: A Review Of Recent Developments," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(3), pages 250-297, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chen, Chi-Chung & McCarl, Bruce A. & Chang, Ching-Cheng & Hsu, Shih-Hsun, 2002. "Spatial Equilibrium Modeling With Imperfectly Competitive Markets: An Application To Rice Trade," 2002 Annual meeting, July 28-31, Long Beach, CA 19687, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    2. D. MacLaren, 1991. "Agricultural Trade Policy Analysis And International Trade Theory: A Review Of Recent Developments," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(3), pages 250-297, September.
    3. Van der Sluis, Evert, 1988. "A nonlinear multicountry multicommodity spatial equilibrium model with an application," ISU General Staff Papers 1988010108000018153, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    4. Daniel H. Pick & Timothy A. Park, 1991. "The Competitive Structure of U.S. Agricultural Exports," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 73(1), pages 133-141.
    5. Patterson, Paul M & Abbott, Philip C, 1994. "Further Evidence on Competition in the US Grain Export Trade," Journal of Industrial Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(4), pages 429-437, December.
    6. Jeon, Jong-Pyeong, 1989. "The impacts of policy alternatives and foreign demand fluctuations on the US rice market," ISU General Staff Papers 1989010108000010204, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    7. Turnovsky, Stephen J., 1986. "Optimal tariffs in consistent conjectural variations equilibrium," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 21(3-4), pages 301-312, November.
    8. Post, Gerald Vernon, 1983. "Optimal tariffs and retaliation with perfect foresight," ISU General Staff Papers 198301010800009429, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    9. Chunding Li, 2017. "How Would Bilateral Trade Retaliation Affect China?," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 49(3), pages 459-479, March.
    10. Thursby, Marie C. & Thursby, Jerry G., 1991. "Strategic Trade Theory and Agricultural Markets: An Application to Canadian and U.S. Wheat Exports to Japan," Occasional Papers 233062, Regional Research Project NC-194: Organization and Performance of World Food Systems.
    11. Labson, B. Stephen & Rausser, Gordon C., 1992. "Modeling Phased Reduction of Distortionary Policies in the U.S. Wheat Market Under Alternative Macroeconomic Environments," Staff General Research Papers Archive 502, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    12. Anania, Giovanni, 2003. "Gains from trade liberalization with imperfectly competitive world markets. A note," Economia Agraria y Recursos Naturales, Spanish Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 3(06), pages 1-15.
    13. C. S. C. Sekhar, 2010. "Structure of the World Wheat Market: Some Implications for Strategic Trade Policy?," Journal of Quantitative Economics, The Indian Econometric Society, vol. 8(2), pages 142-158.
    14. Antoine Bouët, 1989. "Politique tarifaire : le cœur et le nucléolus du jeu interne comme fonction de réaction du jeu externe," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 40(5), pages 791-816.
    15. Coyle, Barry & Chambers, Robert G. & Schmitz, Andrew, 1986. "Economic Gains from Agricultural Trade: A Review and Bibliography," Miscellaneous Publications 319990, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    16. Jeffrey D. McDonald & Daniel A. Sumner, 2003. "The Influence of Commodity Programs on Acreage Response to Market Price: With an Illustration Concerning Rice Policy in the United States," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 85(4), pages 857-871.
    17. Reimer, Jeffrey J. & Stiegert, Kyle W., 2006. "Evidence on Imperfect Competition and Strategic Trade Theory," Staff Paper Series 498, University of Wisconsin, Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    18. Gilmour, Brad & Fawcett, Peter, 1986. "The Relationship Between American and Canadian Wheat Prices," Working Papers 243885, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
    19. Gardner, George R. & Skully, Davide W., 1986. "The Conduct Of Wheat Marketing In North Africa," Staff Reports 277903, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    20. Lee, Dae-Seob & Kennedy, P. Lynn, 2002. "A Game Theoretic Analysis Of U.S. Rice Export Policy: The Case Of Japan And Korea," 2002 Annual meeting, July 28-31, Long Beach, CA 19686, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Marketing;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:remaae:12443. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/aaresea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.