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Hydrological and Farming System Impacts of Agricultural Water Management Interventions in North Gujarat

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  • Singh, O.P.

Abstract

Groundwater over-exploitation is a common phenomenon in many arid and semi arid regions of the world. Within India, north Gujarat is one of such intensively exploited regions. Groundwater supports irrigated crop production and intensive dairy farming in the region. Well irrigation is critical to the region’s rural economy and livelihoods. The overall objective of the study was to examine the water demand management interventions on farming system, livelihood patterns, food and nutritional security and poverty. The study was based on the primary data collected from north Gujarat. The study suggests that the micro irrigation (MI) technology adoption had resulted in reduction in water application and improvement in crop yield varied from crop to crop. On an average, the net returns from MI irrigated plots are higher than that of plots irrigated by conventional method. The water productivity of the crops irrigated by MIs, in both physical and economic terms, was found to be much higher than that of their counterparts irrigated by traditional method. The benefit-cost analysis of MI-systems shows significant variations among different crops. The overall impact of MI adoption on the income of adopter families is striking, exceeding one lac rupees per annum. Such high escalations in annual income of a farm household can change the entire household dynamics. Adoption of MI systems with the introduction of new waterefficient crops had resulted in significant reduction in water use at the farm level. The average reduction was estimated to be 7527m3 per farm, whereas at the regional level, the total groundwater saving for irrigation was estimated to be 224MCM per annum.

Suggested Citation

  • Singh, O.P., 2013. "Hydrological and Farming System Impacts of Agricultural Water Management Interventions in North Gujarat," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 68(3), pages 1-21.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:inijae:206336
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.206336
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kumar, M. Dinesh & Amarasinghe, Upali A., 2009. "Water productivity improvements in Indian agriculture: potentials, constraints and prospects," IWMI Books, Reports H042634, International Water Management Institute.
    2. Kumar, M. Dinesh & Turral, Hugh & Sharma, Bharat R. & Amarasinghe, Upali A. & Singh, O. P., 2008. "Water saving and yield enhancing micro-irrigation technologies in India: when and where can they become best bet technologies?," Conference Papers h041700, International Water Management Institute.
    3. Kumar, M. Dinesh & Amarasinghe, Upali A., 2009. "Water productivity improvements in Indian agriculture: potentials, constraints and prospects," Book Chapters,, International Water Management Institute.
    4. Kumar, M. D. & Amarasinghe, Upali A. & Sharma, Bharat R. & Trivedi, Kairav & Singh, O. P. & Sikka, Alok K. & van Dam, Jos C., 2009. "Water productivity improvements in Indian Agriculture: potentials, constraints and prospects," IWMI Conference Proceedings 260570, International Water Management Institute.
    5. Molle, Francois & Turral, Hugh, 2004. "Demand management in a basin perspective: is the potential for water saving overestimated?," Conference Papers h034365, International Water Management Institute.
    6. Kijne, J. W. & Barker, R. & Molden. D., 2003. "Water productivity in agriculture: limits and opportunities for improvement," IWMI Books, Reports H032631, International Water Management Institute.
    7. Kumar, M. D., 2003. "Food security and sustainable agriculture in India: The water management challenge," IWMI Working Papers H033990, International Water Management Institute.
    8. Kumar, M. Dinesh & Amarasinghe, Upali A., 2009. "Strategic Analyses of the National River Linking Project (NRLP) of India, Series 4. Water productivity improvements in Indian agriculture: potentials, constraints and prospects," IWMI Books, Reports H042633, International Water Management Institute.
    9. Kumar, M. Dinesh & Amarasinghe, Upali A. (ed.), 2009. "Strategic Analyses of the National River Linking Project (NRLP) of India, Series 4. Water productivity improvements in Indian agriculture: potentials, constraints and prospects," IWMI Books, International Water Management Institute, number 113504, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Prabhat Kishore & Pratap S. Birthal, 2024. "The impact of direct benefit transfers for micro-irrigation on farm performance: Evidence from India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(7), pages 17995-18015, July.

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