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Loan Loss Provisioning in OIC Countries: Evidence from Conventional vs. Islamic Banks مخصصات مواجهة القروض المشكوك في تحصيلها في دول مجلس التعاون الإسلامي: دراسة حالة البنوك التقليدية في مقابل البنوك الإسلامية

Author

Listed:
  • Ali Ashraf

    (Assistant Professor, Frostburg State University, Maryland, USA)

  • M. Kabir Hassan

    (Professor of Finance, University of New Orleans, USA)

  • Syed Abul Basher

    (Senior Research Fellow, Fikra Research & Policy, Qatar)

Abstract

Using a sample of 291 banks from 35 OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation) member countries with 2078 bank-year observations from 2003 to 2010, we analyze if bank earnings management in terms of Loan Loss Provisioning (LLP hereafter) is affected by the banking nature. We take into consideration management and governance issues such as: by nature; whether Islamic or conventional; by bank accounting standards; whether rule-based local Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (hereafter local GAAP) or principle-based International Financial Reporting Standards (hereafter IFRS); and by the bank listing status. We argue that Islamic banks may exhibit lower signs of earnings management, as the Shariah Supervisory Boards (SSB hereafter) in Islamic banks may work as an additional tier into the governance system. On the use of accounting standard, we argue that banks using IFRS standard may exhibit lower evidence of earnings management as IFRS requires managers to disclose more accounting information compared to local GAAP. We report mixed evidence supporting these arguments. باستخدام عيّنة مكونة من 291 مصرفاً في 35 دولة من الدول الأعضاء بمنظمة التعاون الإسلامي، واستناداً 2078 ملاحظة خلال الفترة الممتدة من عام 2003م إلى عام 2010م، قمنا بتحليل تلك المعطيات لنعرف ما إذا كانت إدارة أرباح المصارف- من حيث وضع مخصصات القروض المشكوك في تحصيلها– تتأثر بطبيعة نوعية المصرف؛ تقليدي أم إسلامي. لقد أخذنا بعين الاعتبار القضايا المتصلة بالإدارة والحوكمة مثل: طبيعة عمل المصرف؛ إسلامي أو تقليدي؛ والمعايير المحاسبية المتبعة من قبل البنك؛ سواء أكانت تقوم على أساس قواعد محلية ومبادئ محاسبية مقبولة ومُتعارَف عليها عموماً أو تقوم على أساس المعايير الدولية لإعداد التقارير المالية، ومن القضايا كذلك وضعية إدراج البنك في سوق المال من عدمه. في خضم هذا التحليل قمنا بطرح عدد من الحجج، منها: القول بأن البنوك الإسلامية قد تُظهر أداء أقل من نظيرتها التقليدية في إدارة الأرباح، لأن الهيئة الشرعية في البنوك الإسلامية قد تضيف عبئاً إضافياً في نظام الحوكمة المتبع. وفيما يتعلق باستخدام المعايير المحاسبية، فإننا قد عبّرنا عن وجهة نظرنا التي ترى أن البنوك التي تستخدم المعايير الدولية لإعداد التقارير المالية قد تُظهر دليلاً أقل درجة على إدارة الأرباح، وذلك أنّ المعايير الدولية لإعداد التقارير المالية تتطلب من المديرين الإفصاح بصورة أكبر عن المعلومات المحاسبية لمقارنة مع ما تتطلبه المبادئ المحاسبية المتعارَف عليها. لقد توصلنا إلى نتائج متنوعة تدعم هذه الحجج.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali Ashraf & M. Kabir Hassan & Syed Abul Basher, 2015. "Loan Loss Provisioning in OIC Countries: Evidence from Conventional vs. Islamic Banks مخصصات مواجهة القروض المشكوك في تحصيلها في دول مجلس التعاون الإسلامي: دراسة حالة البنوك التقليدية في مقابل البنوك ," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 28(1), pages 21-54, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:28:y:2015:i:1:no:2:p:21-54
    DOI: 10.4197/Islec.28-1.2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

    International Financial Markets; Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages; Accounting.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • M41 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting - - - Accounting

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