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Pharmaceutical industry, drug quality and regulation. Evidence from US and Italy

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Author Info
Vincenzo Atella () (Faculty of Economics, Unviersity of Rome "Tor Vergata")
Jay Bhattacharya () (Stanford University and NBER)
Lorenzo Carbonari () (Faculty of Economics, Unviersity of Rome "Tor Vergata")

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Abstract

The aim of this article is to analyze the relationship between drug price and drug quality and how it varies across two of the most common regulatory regimes in the pharmaceutical market: Minimum Efficacy Standards (MES) and Price Controls (PC). We develop a model of adverse selection where a pharmaceutical company can charge different prices to a heterogeneous group of buyers for its (innovative) drug, and we evaluate the properties of the equilibria under the two regimes. We model consumer heterogeneity stemming from differences in the willingness-to-pay for drug quality, measured through ex-post efficacy. The theoretical analysis provides two main results. First, the average drug quality delivered is higher under the MES regime than in the PC regime or a in combination of the two. Second, PC regulation reduces the difference in terms of high-low quality drug prices. The empirical analysis based on Italian and US data corroborates these results.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Tor Vergata University, CEIS in its series CEIS Research Paper with number 138.

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Length: 31 pages
Date of creation: 16 Dec 2008
Date of revision: 16 Dec 2008
Handle: RePEc:rtv:ceisrp:138

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Postal: CEIS - Centre for Economic and International Studies - Faculty of Economics - University of Rome "Tor Vergata" - Via Columbia, 2 00133 Roma
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Related research
Keywords: pharmaceutical market; regulation; innovation.;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
I11 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Analysis of Health Care Markets
O31 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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  2. Armstrong, Mark & Vickers, John, 1993. "Price Discrimination, Competition and Regulation," Journal of Industrial Economics, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 41(4), pages 335-59, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Danzon, Patricia M & Chao, Li-Wei, 2000. "Does Regulation Drive out Competition in Pharmaceutical Markets?," Journal of Law & Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 43(2), pages 311-57, October.
  4. Peltzman, Sam, 1973. "An Evaluation of Consumer Protection Legislation: The 1962 Drug Amendments," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 81(5), pages 1049-91, Sept.-Oct. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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    Other versions:
  6. Bhattacharya, Jayanta & Vogt, William B, 2003. "A Simple Model of Pharmaceutical Price Dynamics," Journal of Law & Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 46(2), pages 599-626, October.
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  14. Ernst R. Berndt & Adrian H. B. Gottschalk & Tomas Philipson & Matthew W. Strobeck, 2004. "Assessing the Impacts of the Prescription Drug User Fee Acts (PDUFA) on the FDA Approval Process," NBER Working Papers 10822, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  15. Patricia M. Danzon & Y. Richard Wang & Liang Wang, 2005. "The impact of price regulation on the launch delay of new drugs-evidence from twenty-five major markets in the 1990s," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 14(3), pages 269-292. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  16. Spence, A Michael, 1973. "Job Market Signaling," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 87(3), pages 355-74, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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