IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/82902.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Non-Performing Loans and Universal Bank’s Profitability

Author

Listed:
  • Mwinlaaru, Peter Yeltulme
  • Ofori, Isaac Kwesi
  • Adiyiah, Kwadwo Agyeman
  • Idun, Anthony Adu-Asare

Abstract

ABSTRACT The maintenance of asset quality, efficiency and profitability is a vital requirement for the survival and development of Universal Banks. Loans constitute the main asset class from which banks generate their major portion of income and also signify the greatest risk to banks. Recently, the default rate of loan in the country has been on the increase and perturbing to all. Due to the detrimental effect that Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) have on a bank’s revenue and the economic welfare of a country, the study sort to determine the impact of NPLs on Universal Banks profitability based on a quarterly data from 2000 to 2014. The study employed the ARDL bounds test of co-integration as an estimation technique to show the evidence of long run relationship among the variables. The study found that NPLs had a significant negative impact on Universal Banks profitability in both the short run and long run The study recommends that Universal Banks should revise their lending policy depending on the situation and economic condition of the country as well as minimising their periodic loans targets by not engaging in risky loaning practices.

Suggested Citation

  • Mwinlaaru, Peter Yeltulme & Ofori, Isaac Kwesi & Adiyiah, Kwadwo Agyeman & Idun, Anthony Adu-Asare, 2016. "Non-Performing Loans and Universal Bank’s Profitability," MPRA Paper 82902, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:82902
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/82902/1/MPRA_paper_82902.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Richard S. Barr & Thomas F. Siems, 1994. "Predicting bank failure using DEA to quantify management quality," Financial Industry Studies Working Paper 94-1, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.
    2. Arturo Bris & Ivo Welch & Ning Zhu, 2006. "The Costs of Bankruptcy: Chapter 7 Liquidation versus Chapter 11 Reorganization," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 61(3), pages 1253-1303, June.
    3. Chinn, Menzie D. & Ito, Hiro, 2006. "What matters for financial development? Capital controls, institutions, and interactions," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(1), pages 163-192, October.
    4. Serpil Tomak, 2013. "The Impact of Overconfidence on Capital Structure in Turkey," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 3(2), pages 512-518.
    5. Swamy, Vighneswara, 2015. "Modelling bank asset quality and profitability: An empirical assessment," Economics Discussion Papers 2015-27, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    6. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    7. Louzis, Dimitrios P. & Vouldis, Angelos T. & Metaxas, Vasilios L., 2012. "Macroeconomic and bank-specific determinants of non-performing loans in Greece: A comparative study of mortgage, business and consumer loan portfolios," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 1012-1027.
    8. Chen, Deqiu & Li, Sifei & Xiao, Jason Zezhong & Zou, Hong, 2014. "The effect of government quality on corporate cash holdings," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 384-400.
    9. Mircea Epure & Esteban Lafuente, 2015. "Monitoring bank performance in the presence of risk," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 265-281, December.
    10. Irum Saba & Rehana Kouser & Muhammad Azeem, 2012. "Determinants of Non Performing Loans: Case of US Banking Sector," Romanian Economic Journal, Department of International Business and Economics from the Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, vol. 15(44), pages 125-136, June.
    11. Sunil Mohanty & Alan K. Reichert & Larry D. Wall, 1993. "Deregulation and the opportunities for commercial bank diversification," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, issue Sep, pages 1-25.
    12. Boopen Seetanah & Shalini T. Ramessur & Sawkut Rojid, 2009. "Financial development and economic growth," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 36(2), pages 124-134, May.
    13. Mohsen Bahmani-Oskooee, 2001. "Nominal and real effective exchange rates of middle eastern countries and their trade performance," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(1), pages 103-111.
    14. King, Robert G. & Levine, Ross, 1993. "Finance, entrepreneurship and growth: Theory and evidence," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 513-542, December.
    15. Hensman, Ann & Sadler-Smith, Eugene, 2011. "Intuitive decision making in banking and finance," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 51-66, February.
    16. Anthony M. Santomero, 1997. "Commercial Bank Risk Management: An Analysis of the Process," Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers 95-11, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania.
    17. Ahmad Aref Almazari, 2014. "Impact of Internal Factors on Bank Profitability: Comparative Study between Saudi Arabia and Jordan," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 4(1), pages 1-7.
    18. Ghosh, Amit, 2015. "Banking-industry specific and regional economic determinants of non-performing loans: Evidence from US states," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 93-104.
    19. MacKinnon, James G, 1996. "Numerical Distribution Functions for Unit Root and Cointegration Tests," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(6), pages 601-618, Nov.-Dec..
    20. Mark J. Flannery, 1980. "How do changes in market interest rates affect bank profits?," Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, issue Sep, pages 13-22.
    21. Fadzlan Sufian & Royfaizal Razali Chong, 2008. "Determinants of Bank Profitability in a Developing Economy: Empirical Evidence from the Philipinnes," Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance (AAMJAF), Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, vol. 4(2), pages 91-112.
    22. Mishkin, F S., 2008. "How should we respond to asset price bubbles?," Financial Stability Review, Banque de France, issue 12, pages 65-74, October.
    23. Kremers, Jeroen J M & Ericsson, Neil R & Dolado, Juan J, 1992. "The Power of Cointegration Tests," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 54(3), pages 325-348, August.
    24. Claudio Borio & Leonardo Gambacorta & Boris Hofmann, 2017. "The influence of monetary policy on bank profitability," International Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 20(1), pages 48-63, March.
    25. Serpil TOMAK, 2013. "Determinants of Commercial Banks' lending Behavior: Evidence from Turkey," Asian Journal of Empirical Research, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 3(8), pages 933-943.
    26. Chee-Keong Choong & Siong-Hook Law & Zulkornain Yusop & Soo Siew Choo, 2005. "Export-led Growth Hypothesis in Malaysia: A Revisit," The IUP Journal of Monetary Economics, IUP Publications, vol. 0(4), pages 26-42, November.
    27. Anthony Santomero, 1997. "Commercial Bank Risk Management: An Analysis of the Process," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 12(2), pages 83-115, October.
    28. Serpil TOMAK, 2013. "Determinants of Commercial Banks’ lending Behavior: Evidence from Turkey," Asian Journal of Empirical Research, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 3(8), pages 933-943, August.
    29. Marcello Bofondi & Tiziano Ropele, 2011. "Macroeconomic determinants of bad loans: evidence from Italian banks," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 89, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    30. Saibal Ghosh & D. M. Nachane & Aditya Narain & Satyananda Sahoo, 2003. "Capital requirements and bank behaviour: an empirical analysis of Indian public sector banks," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 15(2), pages 145-156.
    31. Idowu Abiola & Awoyemi Samuel Olausi, 2014. "The Impact of Credit Risk Management on the Commercial Banks Performance in Nigeria," International Journal of Management and Sustainability, Conscientia Beam, vol. 3(5), pages 295-306.
    32. Vasiliki Makri & Konstantinos Papadatos, 2014. "How accounting information and macroeconomic environment determine credit risk? Evidence from Greece," International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research (IJBESAR), International Hellenic University (IHU), Kavala Campus, Greece (formerly Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology - EMaTTech), vol. 7(1), pages 129-143, April.
    33. Haslem, John A. & Scheraga, Carl A. & Bedingfield, James P., 1993. "A comparison of the balance sheet strategies of foreign-owned and domestic-owned U.S. banks," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 2(3), pages 293-316.
    34. Constant, Fouopi Djiogap & Augustin Ngomsi, 2012. "Determinants of Bank Long-term Lending Behavior in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC)," Review of Economics & Finance, Better Advances Press, Canada, vol. 2, pages 107-114, May.
    35. Athanasoglou, Panayiotis & Delis, Manthos & Staikouras, Christos, 2006. "Determinants Of Bank Profitability In The South Eastern European Region," MPRA Paper 10274, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    36. Mohsen Bahmani‐Oskooee & A. B. M. Nasir, 2004. "ARDL Approach to Test the Productivity Bias Hypothesis," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 8(3), pages 483-488, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Roger Owusu-Boafo & Ernest Obeng & Jone Yeobah Addo, 2020. "The Relationship Between Credit Risk Management and the Profitability of Banks in Ghana," ACTA VSFS, University of Finance and Administration, vol. 14(2), pages 92-114.
    2. Onur zdemir, 2019. "Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach to the Income Inequality and Financial Liberalization Nexus: Empirical Evidence from Turkey," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 9(6), pages 1-15.
    3. Iulia Andreea Bucur & Simona Elena Dragomirescu, 2014. "The Influence Of Macroeconomic Conditions On Credit Risk: Case Of Romanian Banking System," Studies and Scientific Researches. Economics Edition, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacau, Faculty of Economic Sciences, issue 19.
    4. Wan, Junmin, 2018. "Non-performing loans and housing prices in China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 26-42.
    5. Mwinlaaru, Peter Yeltulme & Ofori, Isaac Kwesi, 2017. "Real exchange rate and economic growth in Ghana," MPRA Paper 82405, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Koju Laxmi & Wang Shouyang & Abbas Ghulam, 2018. "Do Macroeconomic Determinants of Non-Performing Loans Vary with the Income Levels of Countries?," Journal of Systems Science and Information, De Gruyter, vol. 6(6), pages 512-531, December.
    7. Teodor Hada & Nicoleta Bărbuță-Mișu & Iulia Cristina Iuga & Dorin Wainberg, 2020. "Macroeconomic Determinants of Nonperforming Loans of Romanian Banks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-19, September.
    8. Jayanthakumaran, Kankesu & Verma, Reetu & Liu, Ying, 2012. "CO2 emissions, energy consumption, trade and income: A comparative analysis of China and India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 450-460.
    9. Ronald Kumar, 2014. "Exploring the role of technology, tourism and financial development: an empirical study of Vietnam," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 48(5), pages 2881-2898, September.
    10. Ingrid Groessl & Artur Tarassow, 2015. "A Microfounded Model of Money Demand Under Uncertainty, and some Empirical Evidence," Macroeconomics and Finance Series 201504, University of Hamburg, Department of Socioeconomics, revised Jan 2018.
    11. Boutabba, Mohamed Amine, 2014. "The impact of financial development, income, energy and trade on carbon emissions: Evidence from the Indian economy," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 33-41.
    12. Ahlem Selma Messai & Fathi Jouini, 2013. "Micro and Macro Determinants of Non-performing Loan," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 3(4), pages 852-860.
    13. Anastasiou, Dimitrios, 2017. "Is ex-post credit risk affected by the cycles? The case of Italian banks," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 242-248.
    14. Gabriele Angori & David Aristei & Manuela Gallo, 2019. "Determinants of Banks’ Net Interest Margin: Evidence from the Euro Area during the Crisis and Post-Crisis Period," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-20, July.
    15. Álvarez-Díaz, Marcos & González-Gómez, Manuel & Otero-Giráldez, María Soledad, 2018. "Main determinants of export-oriented bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp (BEKP) demand from the north-western regions of Spain," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 112-119.
    16. Phouphet Kyophilavong & Muhammad Shahbaz & Gazi Salah Uddin, 2015. "A Note on Nominal and Real Devaluation in Laos," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 16(2), pages 236-243, April.
    17. Noor Hashim Mohammed Al-Husainy & Hamid Mohsin Jadah, 2021. "The Effect of Liquidity Risk and Credit Risk on the Bank Performance: Empirical Evidence from Iraq," iRASD Journal of Economics, International Research Alliance for Sustainable Development (iRASD), vol. 3(1), pages 58-67, june.
    18. Kumar, Ronald Ravinesh & Stauvermann, Peter Josef & Loganathan, Nanthakumar & Kumar, Radika Devi, 2015. "Exploring the role of energy, trade and financial development in explaining economic growth in South Africa: A revisit," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1300-1311.
    19. Gila-Gourgoura, E. & Nikolaidou, E., 2017. "Credit Risk Determinants in the Vulnerable Economies of Europe: Evidence from the Spanish Banking System," International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research (IJBESAR), International Hellenic University (IHU), Kavala Campus, Greece (formerly Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology - EMaTTech), vol. 10(1), pages 60-71, March.
    20. Karadima, Maria & Louri, Helen, 2021. "Determinants of non-performing loans in Greece: the intricate role of fiscal expansion," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 110741, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL); Gross Domestic Product Growth; Non-Performing Loans; Unemployment rate; Universal Banks Profitability;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E02 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
    • E2 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment
    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:82902. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.