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Modelling the Volatility of Commodities Prices using a Stochastic Volatility Model with Random Level Shifts

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  • Gabriel Rodríguez

    ( Departamento de Economía de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú)

  • Dennis Alvaro
  • Ángel Guillén

Abstract

We use the approach of Qu and Perron (2013) for the modeling and inference of volatility of a set of commodity prices in the presence of level shifts of unknown timing, magnitude and frequency. The model has two features: (i) it is a stochastic volatility model comprising both a level shift and a short-memory process where the first component is modeled as a compounded binomial process while the second one is an AR(1) process; (ii) the model is estimated using Bayesian techniques in order to obtain posterior distributions of the parameters and the two latent components. We use six commodity series: agriculture, livestock, gold, oil, industrial metals and a general commodity index. All series cover the period from January 1983 until December 2013 in daily frequency. The results show that although the occurrence of a level shift is rare (about once every 1.5 or 1.8 years), this component clearly contributes most to the variation in the volatility. The half-life of a typical shock from the AR(1) component is short, on average 13 days. Furthermore, isolating the level shift component from the overall volatility indicates a stronger relationship between volatility and Peruvian business cycle movements. [En este documento usamos el enfoque de Qu y Perron (2013) para la modelación, estimación e inferencia acerca de la volatilidad de un grupo de precios de commodities en la presencia de cambios de nivel de fecha, magnitud y frecuencia desconocidas. El modelo tiene dos rasgos: (i) es un modelo de volatilidad estocástica que comprende tanto un proceso de cambios de nivel como un proceso de corta memoria. El primer componente es modelado como un proceso mixto gobernado por una variable Binomial mientras que el segundo proceso es modelado como un proceso AR(1); (ii) el modelo se estima utilizando técnicas Bayesianas con el fin de obtener distribuciones posteriores de los parámetros y de los dos componentes latentes. Utilizamos seis series de commodities: agricultura, ganadería, oro, petróleo, metales industriales y un índice de commodities en general. Todas las series cubren el período de Enero de 1983 hasta Diciembre de 2013 con frecuencia diaria. Los resultados muestran que a pesar que la ocurrencia de un cambio de nivel es rara (aproximadamente una vez cada 1.5 o 1.8 años), este componente contribuye claramente más a la variación en la volatilidad. La vida media de un choque típico de la especificación AR(1) es corta, en un promedio de 13 días. Además, aislando el componente de cambio de nivel de la volatilidad global indica una relación más fuerte entre los movimientos de la volatilidad y el ciclo económico peruano.]

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriel Rodríguez & Dennis Alvaro & Ángel Guillén, 2016. "Modelling the Volatility of Commodities Prices using a Stochastic Volatility Model with Random Level Shifts," Documentos de Trabajo / Working Papers 2016-414, Departamento de Economía - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
  • Handle: RePEc:pcp:pucwps:wp00414
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bayesian Inference ; Commodity Prices ; State-Space Models ; Stochastic Volatility ; Structural change;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

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