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Primal and Dual Access

Author

Listed:
  • Mengying Cui
  • David Levinson

    (TransportLab, School of Civil Engineering, University of Sydney)

Abstract

Accessibility, measuring the ease of reaching potential destinations, is increasingly being considered as an effective indicator to evaluate the performance of transport and land use interactions. Primal accessibility, a generalization of the first accessibility formulation proposed by Hansen, has been widely used in many studies and demonstrated to be a reliable tool for project, program, and policy evaluation. The dual of accessibility, measuring the time required to reach a given number of opportunities, is less often considered but can be used for optimization in location covering-type problems. This article, hence, clarifies the definitions of primal and dual access, and applies both measures to the Minneapolis—St. Paul metropolitan area for auto and transit to demonstrate their practicality as a metropolitan-level measurement. We explore the correlations and differences between the primal and dual access to better understand the relative strengths of the measures. It is found that, as with primal accessibility, dual accessibility is an efficient approach to evaluate accessibility, which is straightforward to calculate and to explain to policy-makers and the public.

Suggested Citation

  • Mengying Cui & David Levinson, 2020. "Primal and Dual Access," Working Papers 2022-01, University of Minnesota: Nexus Research Group.
    • Handle: RePEc:nex:wpaper:primal
    DOI: 10.1111/gean.12220
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20806
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Da Silva, Diego & Klumpenhouwer, Willem & Karner, Alex & Robinson, Mitchell & Liu, Rick & Shalaby, Amer, 2022. "Living on a fare: Modeling and quantifying the effects of fare budgets on transit access and equity," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    3. Yu, Lijie & Cui, Mengying, 2023. "How subway network affects transit accessibility and equity: A case study of Xi'an metropolitan area," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • R41 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Travel Time; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise
    • R14 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Land Use Patterns

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