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Production and Trade in Services by U.S. Multinational Firms

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  • Irving B. Kravis
  • Robert E. Lipsey

Abstract

Direct investment in foreign countries by U.S. goods industries represents a response to differences in labor costs to a much greater extent than the more rapidly growing investment by service industries. The latter seem to be less able to allocate different types of production to different areas of the world, probably because services are less tradable than goods; they must more often be produced where they are consumed or consumed where they are produced. Therefore, while direct Investment abroad in goods industries represents an allocation of production that Increases the demand for high-skill labor and for R & D input in the U.S. and decreases the demand for low-skill labor, direct investment in service industries, while it increases a firm's share of foreign markets, is likely to have little effect on the firm's demand for labor in the U.S. or on the composition of its labor force.

Suggested Citation

  • Irving B. Kravis & Robert E. Lipsey, 1988. "Production and Trade in Services by U.S. Multinational Firms," NBER Working Papers 2615, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:2615
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Branson, William H. & Monoyios, Nikolaos, 1977. "Factor inputs in U.S. trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 7(2), pages 111-131, May.
    2. Magnus Blomstrom & Robert E. Lipsey & Ksenia Kulchycky, 1988. "U.S. and Swedish Direct Investment and Exports," NBER Chapters, in: Trade Policy Issues and Empirical Analysis, pages 257-302, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Bhagwati, Jagdish N, 1984. "Why Are Services Cheaper in the Poor Countries?," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 94(374), pages 279-286, June.
    4. Robert E. Baldwin, 1988. "Trade Policy Issues and Empirical Analysis," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number bald88-2, July.
    5. Victor R. Fuchs, 1968. "The Service Economy," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number fuch68-1, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Agarwal, Jamuna Prasad, 1992. "EC 92 and its effect on foreign direct investment in developing countries," Kiel Working Papers 544, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    2. Kyoji Fukao & Keiko Ito, 2003. "Foreign Direct Investment and Services Trade: The Case of Japan," NBER Chapters, in: Trade in Services in the Asia-Pacific Region, pages 429-480, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Irving B. Kravis & Robert E. Lipsey, 1988. "The Effect of Multinational Firms' Operations on Their Domestic Employment," NBER Working Papers 2760, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

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