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Why Are the Returns to Education Higher for Entrepreneurs than for Employees?

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Author Info
Justin van der Sluis () (Amsterdam Center for Entrepreneurship and University of Amsterdam)
Mirjam van Praag () (Amsterdam Center for Entrepreneurship, Tinbergen Institute, University of Amsterdam and IZA)
Arjen van Witteloostuijn () (University of Groningen and University of Durham)

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Abstract

We compare the returns to education (RTE) for entrepreneurs and employees, based on 19 waves of the NLSY database. By using instrumental variable techniques (IV) and taking account of selectivity, we find that the RTE are significantly higher for entrepreneurs than for employees (18.3 percent and 9.9 percent, respectively). We perform various analyses in an attempt to explain the difference. We find (indirect) support for the argument that the higher RTE for entrepreneurs is due to fewer (organizational) constraints faced by entrepreneurs when optimizing the profitable employment of their education.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in its series IZA Discussion Papers with number 3058.

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Length: 40 pages
Date of creation: Sep 2007
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp3058

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Related research
Keywords: entrepreneurship; self-employment; returns to education employment;

Other versions of this item:

Find related papers by JEL classification:
J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
J44 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Professional Labor Markets and Occupations
M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups

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  1. Oosterbeek, Hessel & van Praag, Mirjam & IJsselstein, Auke, 2008. "The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurship Competencies and Intentions: An Evaluation of the Junior Achievement Student Mini-Company Program," IZA Discussion Papers 3641, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. C. Praag & Peter Versloot, 2007. "What is the value of entrepreneurship? A review of recent research," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 29(4), pages 351-382, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Block, Joern & Wagner, Marcus, 2006. "Necessity and Opportunity Entrepreneurs in Germany: Characteristics and Earnings Differentials," MPRA Paper 610, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  4. Joop Hartog & Mirjam van Praag & Justin van der Sluis, 2008. "If you are so smart, why aren’t you an Entrepreneur?," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 08-073/3, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
  5. Hartog, Joop & van Praag, Mirjam & van der Sluis, Justin, 2008. "If You Are So Smart, Why Aren't You an Entrepreneur? Returns to Cognitive and Social Ability: Entrepreneurs versus Employees," IZA Discussion Papers 3648, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  6. Hessel Oosterbeek & Mirjam C. van Praag & Auke IJsselstein, 2008. "The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurship Competencies and Intentions," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 08-038/3, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
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