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Cities and Tasks

Author

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  • Koster, Hans R.A.

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)

  • Ozgen, Ceren

    (University of Birmingham)

Abstract

This paper explores the relationship between routine-biased technological change and agglomeration economies. Using administrative data from the Netherlands, we first show that in dense areas, jobs are less routine-task intensive (i.e. less repetitive and automatable), meaning that jobs cover a larger spectrum of tasks. We then explore how the routine intensity of jobs affects the urban wage premium. We find that the urban wage premium is higher for workers performing non-routine tasks, particularly analytic tasks, while it is absent for workers in routine task intensive jobs. These findings also hold within skill groups and suggest that routinisation increases spatial wage and skill inequality within urban areas. We further provide suggestive evidence that a better matching of skills to jobs and increased learning opportunities in cities can explain these findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Koster, Hans R.A. & Ozgen, Ceren, 2021. "Cities and Tasks," IZA Discussion Papers 14231, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14231
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    employment density; agglomeration economies; tasks; routinisation; skills mismatch;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R30 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - General
    • R33 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Nonagricultural and Nonresidential Real Estate Markets

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