IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ecb/ecbwps/20222667.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Temporal networks in the analysis of financial contagion

Author

Listed:
  • Franch, Fabio
  • Nocciola, Luca
  • Vouldis, Angelos

Abstract

This paper studies the dynamics of contagion across the banking, insurance and shadow banking sectors of 16 advanced economies in the period 2006-2018. We construct Granger causality-in-risk networks and introduce higher-order aggregate networks and temporal node centralities in an economic setting to capture non-Markovian network features. Our approach uncovers the dynamics of financial contagion as it is transmitted across segments of the financial system and jurisdictions. Temporal centralities identify countries in distress as the nodes through which contagion propagates. Moreover, the banking system emerge as the primary source and transmitter of stress while banks and shadow banks are highly interconnected. The insurance sector is found to contribute less to stress transmission in all periods, except during the global financial crisis. Our approach, as opposed to one that uses memoryless measures of network centrality, is able to identify more clearly the nodes that are critical for the transmission of financial contagion. JEL Classification: C02, C22, G01, G2

Suggested Citation

  • Franch, Fabio & Nocciola, Luca & Vouldis, Angelos, 2022. "Temporal networks in the analysis of financial contagion," Working Paper Series 2667, European Central Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20222667
    Note: 2600378
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.ecb.europa.eu//pub/pdf/scpwps/ecb.wp2667~231d6bc4aa.en.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lee, Tae-Hwy & Yang, Weiping, 2014. "Granger-causality in quantiles between financial markets: Using copula approach," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 70-78.
    2. Roland Meeks & Benjamin Nelson & Piergiorgio Alessandri, 2017. "Shadow Banks and Macroeconomic Instability," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 49(7), pages 1483-1516, October.
    3. Gertler, M. & Kiyotaki, N. & Prestipino, A., 2016. "Wholesale Banking and Bank Runs in Macroeconomic Modeling of Financial Crises," Handbook of Macroeconomics, in: J. B. Taylor & Harald Uhlig (ed.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 1345-1425, Elsevier.
    4. Caporin, Massimiliano & Pelizzon, Loriana & Ravazzolo, Francesco & Rigobon, Roberto, 2018. "Measuring sovereign contagion in Europe," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 150-181.
    5. Fève, Patrick & Moura, Alban & Pierrard, Olivier, 2019. "Shadow banking and financial regulation: A small-scale DSGE perspective," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 130-144.
    6. Billio, Monica & Getmansky, Mila & Lo, Andrew W. & Pelizzon, Loriana, 2012. "Econometric measures of connectedness and systemic risk in the finance and insurance sectors," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(3), pages 535-559.
    7. Bernd Schwaab & Siem Jan Koopman & André Lucas, 2017. "Global Credit Risk: World, Country and Industry Factors," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(2), pages 296-317, March.
    8. Robert McDonald & Anna Paulson, 2015. "AIG in Hindsight," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 29(2), pages 81-106, Spring.
    9. Chinazzi, Matteo & Fagiolo, Giorgio & Reyes, Javier A. & Schiavo, Stefano, 2013. "Post-mortem examination of the international financial network," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 1692-1713.
    10. Kremer, Manfred & Lo Duca, Marco & Holló, Dániel, 2012. "CISS - a composite indicator of systemic stress in the financial system," Working Paper Series 1426, European Central Bank.
    11. Hsiao, Cheng, 1982. "Autoregressive modeling and causal ordering of economic variables," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 243-259, November.
    12. Ingo Scholtes & Nicolas Wider & René Pfitzner & Antonios Garas & Claudio J. Tessone & Frank Schweitzer, 2014. "Causality-driven slow-down and speed-up of diffusion in non-Markovian temporal networks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-9, December.
    13. Hong, Yongmiao & Liu, Yanhui & Wang, Shouyang, 2009. "Granger causality in risk and detection of extreme risk spillover between financial markets," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 150(2), pages 271-287, June.
    14. repec:ecb:ecbwps:20111426 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Allen, Franklin & Carletti, Elena, 2006. "Credit risk transfer and contagion," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 89-111, January.
    16. Langfield, Sam & Liu, Zijun & Ota, Tomohiro, 2014. "Mapping the UK interbank system," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 288-303.
    17. Hua Chen & J. David Cummins & Krupa S. Viswanathan & Mary A. Weiss, 2014. "Systemic Risk and the Interconnectedness Between Banks and Insurers: An Econometric Analysis," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 81(3), pages 623-652, September.
    18. Dion Bongaerts & Frank De Jong & Joost Driessen, 2011. "Derivative Pricing with Liquidity Risk: Theory and Evidence from the Credit Default Swap Market," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 66(1), pages 203-240, February.
    19. Fernández-Rodríguez, Fernando & Gómez-Puig, Marta & Sosvilla-Rivero, Simón, 2016. "Using connectedness analysis to assess financial stress transmission in EMU sovereign bond market volatility," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 126-145.
    20. Daron Acemoglu & Asuman Ozdaglar & Alireza Tahbaz-Salehi, 2015. "Systemic Risk and Stability in Financial Networks," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 105(2), pages 564-608, February.
    21. Billio, Monica & Casarin, Roberto & Costola, Michele & Iacopini, Matteo, 2024. "COVID-19 spreading in financial networks: A semiparametric matrix regression model," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 113-131.
    22. Eichler, Michael, 2007. "Granger causality and path diagrams for multivariate time series," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 137(2), pages 334-353, April.
    23. Bonaccolto, Giovanni & Caporin, Massimiliano & Panzica, Roberto, 2019. "Estimation and model-based combination of causality networks among large US banks and insurance companies," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1-21.
    24. Tang, Dragon Yongjun & Yan, Hong, 2010. "Market conditions, default risk and credit spreads," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 743-753, April.
    25. Bertrand Candelon & Sessi Tokpavi, 2016. "A Nonparametric Test for Granger Causality in Distribution With Application to Financial Contagion," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(2), pages 240-253, April.
    26. Podlich, Natalia & Wedow, Michael, 2014. "Crossborder financial contagion to Germany: How important are OTC dealers?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 1-9.
    27. De Santis, Roberto A. & Zimic, Srečko, 2017. "Spillovers among sovereign debt markets: identification by absolute magnitude restrictions," Working Paper Series 2055, European Central Bank.
    28. Gang-Jin Wang & Chi Xie & Kaijian He & H. Eugene Stanley, 2017. "Extreme risk spillover network: application to financial institutions," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(9), pages 1417-1433, September.
    29. Brunetti, Celso & Harris, Jeffrey H. & Mankad, Shawn & Michailidis, George, 2019. "Interconnectedness in the interbank market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(2), pages 520-538.
    30. Monica Billio & Lorenzo Frattarolo & Hayette Gatfaoui & Philippe de Peretti, 2016. "Clustering in Dynamic Causal Networks as a Measure of Systemic Risk on the Euro Zone," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 16046r, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, revised Sep 2016.
    31. Bertrand Candelon & Sessi Tokpavi, 2016. "A Nonparametric Test for Granger Causality in Distribution With Application to Financial Contagion," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(2), pages 240-253, April.
    32. Corsi, Fulvio & Lillo, Fabrizio & Pirino, Davide & Trapin, Luca, 2018. "Measuring the propagation of financial distress with Granger-causality tail risk networks," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 18-36.
    33. Ingo Scholtes & Nicolas Wider & Antonios Garas, 2016. "Higher-order aggregate networks in the analysis of temporal networks: path structures and centralities," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 89(3), pages 1-15, March.
    34. Brownlees, Christian & Hans, Christina & Nualart, Eulalia, 2021. "Bank credit risk networks: Evidence from the Eurozone," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 585-599.
    35. Gai, Prasanna & Haldane, Andrew & Kapadia, Sujit, 2011. "Complexity, concentration and contagion," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(5), pages 453-470.
    36. Baranova, Yuliya & Coen, Jamie & Noss, Joseph & Lowe, Pippa & Silvestri, Laura, 2017. "Simulating stress across the financial system: the resilience of corporate bond markets and the role of investment funds," Bank of England Financial Stability Papers 42, Bank of England.
    37. Hyun Song Shin, 2009. "Reflections on Northern Rock: The Bank Run That Heralded the Global Financial Crisis," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 23(1), pages 101-119, Winter.
    38. Martin Rosvall & Alcides V. Esquivel & Andrea Lancichinetti & Jevin D. West & Renaud Lambiotte, 2014. "Memory in network flows and its effects on spreading dynamics and community detection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-13, December.
    39. Ingo Scholtes & Nicolas Wider & Antonios Garas, 2016. "Higher-order aggregate networks in the analysis of temporal networks: path structures and centralities," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 89(3), pages 1-15, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Silva, Walmir & Kimura, Herbert & Sobreiro, Vinicius Amorim, 2017. "An analysis of the literature on systemic financial risk: A survey," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 91-114.
    2. Foglia, Matteo & Addi, Abdelhamid & Wang, Gang-Jin & Angelini, Eliana, 2022. "Bearish Vs Bullish risk network: A Eurozone financial system analysis," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    3. Addi, Abdelhamid & Bouoiyour, Jamal, 2023. "Interconnectedness and extreme risk: Evidence from dual banking systems," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    4. Sullivan HUE & Yannick LUCOTTE & Sessi TOKPAVI, 2018. "Measuring Network Systemic Risk Contributions: A Leave-one-out Approach," LEO Working Papers / DR LEO 2608, Orleans Economics Laboratory / Laboratoire d'Economie d'Orleans (LEO), University of Orleans.
    5. Hué, Sullivan & Lucotte, Yannick & Tokpavi, Sessi, 2019. "Measuring network systemic risk contributions: A leave-one-out approach," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 86-114.
    6. Wu, Fei & Zhang, Dayong & Zhang, Zhiwei, 2019. "Connectedness and risk spillovers in China’s stock market: A sectoral analysis," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 43(3).
    7. Bertrand Candelon & Laurent Ferrara & Marc Joëts, 2021. "Global financial interconnectedness: a non-linear assessment of the uncertainty channel," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(25), pages 2865-2887, May.
    8. Wang, Gang-Jin & Chen, Yang-Yang & Si, Hui-Bin & Xie, Chi & Chevallier, Julien, 2021. "Multilayer information spillover networks analysis of China’s financial institutions based on variance decompositions," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 325-347.
    9. Huang, Wei-Qiang & Wang, Dan, 2018. "A return spillover network perspective analysis of Chinese financial institutions’ systemic importance," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 509(C), pages 405-421.
    10. Xue Cui & Lu Yang, 2024. "Systemic risk and idiosyncratic networks among global systemically important banks," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(1), pages 58-75, January.
    11. Marco Bardoscia & Paolo Barucca & Stefano Battiston & Fabio Caccioli & Giulio Cimini & Diego Garlaschelli & Fabio Saracco & Tiziano Squartini & Guido Caldarelli, 2021. "The Physics of Financial Networks," Papers 2103.05623, arXiv.org.
    12. Chen, Yanhua & Li, Youwei & Pantelous, Athanasios A. & Stanley, H. Eugene, 2022. "Short-run disequilibrium adjustment and long-run equilibrium in the international stock markets: A network-based approach," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    13. Brunetti, Celso & Harris, Jeffrey H. & Mankad, Shawn, 2023. "Networks, interconnectedness, and interbank information asymmetry," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    14. Huang, Jionghao & Li, Ziruo & Xia, Xiaohua, 2021. "Network diffusion of international oil volatility risk in China's stock market: Quantile interconnectedness modelling and shock decomposition analysis," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 1-39.
    15. Wu, Shan & Tong, Mu & Yang, Zhongyi & Zhang, Tianyi, 2021. "Interconnectedness, systemic risk, and the influencing factors: Some evidence from China’s financial institutions," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 569(C).
    16. Deng, Chao & Su, Xiaojian & Wang, Gangjin & Peng, Cheng, 2022. "The existence of flight-to-quality under extreme conditions: Evidence from a nonlinear perspective in Chinese stocks and bonds' sectors," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    17. Celso Brunetti & Jeffrey H. Harris & Shawn Mankad, 2021. "Liquidity Networks, Interconnectedness, and Interbank Information Asymmetry," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-017, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    18. Li, Jianping & Li, Jingyu & Zhu, Xiaoqian & Yao, Yinhong & Casu, Barbara, 2020. "Risk spillovers between FinTech and traditional financial institutions: Evidence from the U.S," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    19. Bonaccolto, Giovanni & Caporin, Massimiliano & Panzica, Roberto, 2019. "Estimation and model-based combination of causality networks among large US banks and insurance companies," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1-21.
    20. Elosegui, Pedro & Forte, Federico D. & Montes-Rojas, Gabriel, 2022. "Network structure and fragmentation of the Argentinean interbank markets," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 3(3).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    financial networks; GARCH; Granger causality-in-tail; non-Markovian; systemic risk;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C02 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - General - - - Mathematical Economics
    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20222667. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Official Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/emieude.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.