Mortgage Markets, Collateral Constraints, and Monetary Policy: Do Institutional Factors Matter?
Abstract
We study the role of institutional characteristics of mortgage markets in affecting the strength and timing of the effects of monetary policy shocks on house prices and consumption in a sample of OECD countries. With frictionless credit markets, those characteristics should in principle be immaterial for the transmission of monetary impulses. We document three facts: (1) there is significant divergence in the structure of mortgage markets across the main industrialized countries; (2) at the business cycle frequency, the correlation between consumption and house prices increases with the degree of flexibility/development of mortgage markets; (3) the transmission of monetary policy shocks on consumption and house prices is stronger in countries with more flexible/developed mortgage markets. We then build a two-sector dynamic general equilibrium model with price stickiness and collateral constraints, where the ability of borrowing is endogenously linked to the nominal value of a durable asset (housing). We study how the response of consumption to monetary policy shocks is affected by alternative values of three key institutional parameters: (i) down-payment rate; (ii) mortgage repayment rate; (iii) interest rate mortgage structure (variable vs. fixed interest rate). In line with our empirical evidence, the sensitivity of consumption to monetary policy shocks increases with lower values of (i) and (ii), and is larger under a variable-rate mortgage structure.Download Info
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Paper provided by C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers in its series CEPR Discussion Papers with number 6231.Length:
Date of creation: Apr 2007
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Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:6231
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Related research
Keywords: collateral constraint; house prices; monetary policy; mortgage markets;Other versions of this item:
- Alessandro Calza & Tommaso Monacelli & Livio Stracca, 2007. "Mortgage Markets, Collateral Constraints, and Monetary Policy: Do Institutional Factors Matter?," CFS Working Paper Series 2007/10, Center for Financial Studies.
- E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
- E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
- E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:
- NEP-ALL-2007-04-28 (All new papers)
- NEP-CBA-2007-04-28 (Central Banking)
- NEP-DGE-2007-04-28 (Dynamic General Equilibrium)
- NEP-MAC-2007-04-28 (Macroeconomics)
- NEP-MON-2007-04-28 (Monetary Economics)
- NEP-URE-2007-04-28 (Urban & Real Estate Economics)
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