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Determinanty polityki pieniężnej Ludowego Banku Chin

Author

Listed:
  • Jakub Borowski
  • Adam Czerniak

Abstract

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy empirycznej determinant polityki monetarnej w Chinach w okresie od stycznia 2000 r. do września 2010 r. Analizę przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem modeli uporządkowanych zmiennych zależnych. W badaniu uwzględniono 8 możliwych zmiennych, które mogły istotnie wpływać na prawdopodobieństwo zmian rocznej stopy depozytowej oraz stopy rezerwy obowiązkowej dla 6 największych banków: realną roczną dynamikę PKB w Chinach, wskaźnik wzrostu cen towarów i usług konsumpcyjnych (inflację CPI), dynamikę cen nieruchomości w 35 największych aglomeracjach Chin, dynamikę sprzedaży detalicznej dóbr konsumpcyjnych, tempo wzrostu rezerw walutowych Chin, dynamikę eksportu, tempo wzrostu wartości kredytów dla sektora niefinansowego oraz wskaźnik koniunktury PMI dla przetwórstwa przemysłowego w kategorii zatrudnienie. W badanym okresie istotny wpływ na decyzje Ludowego Banku Chin dotyczące stopy rezerw obowiązkowych miała bieżąca dynamika PKB i opóźniony wskaźnik wzrostu cen towarów i usług konsumpcyjnych. Z kolei przyszłe wartości tych zmiennych były czynnikami wpływającymi na poziom stopy depozytowej. Sugeruje to, że mimo braku niezależności w zakresie kształtowania narzędzi polityki monetarnej decyzje Ludowego Banku Chin dotyczące stóp procentowych były w pewnym stopniu podyktowane oceną perspektyw wzrostu gospodarczego i inflacji. Badanie wykazało również istotny wpływ dynamiki cen nieruchomości na poziom stopy rezerw obowiązkowych. Może to stanowić zwiastun zmian w funkcjach reakcji głównych banków centralnych w kierunku równoczesnego wykorzystywania instrumentów polityki pieniężnej i narzędzi polityki makroostrożnościowej w celu przeciwdziałania bańkom spekulacyjnym na rynku nieruchomości. Zastosowana metoda badawcza nie pozwala stwierdzić, w jakim stopniu luka popytowa i odchylenie inflacji od celu wpływały na decyzje Ludowego Banku Chin w analizowanym okresie. Rola tych czynników w polityce monetarnej w Chinach stanowi zatem interesujący obszar dla dalszych badań.

Suggested Citation

  • Jakub Borowski & Adam Czerniak, 2012. "Determinanty polityki pieniężnej Ludowego Banku Chin," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 1-2, pages 97-116.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2012:i:1-2:p:97-116
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Chiny; Ludowy Bank Chin; polityka pieniężna; funkcja reakcji w polityce pieniężnej;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities
    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

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