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A bioetanol-termelés gazdasági és fenntarthatósági vetületei
[Economic and sustainability aspects of bioethanol production]

Author

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  • Mizik, Tamás

Abstract

A folyamatosan növekvő energiaigény fenntartható módon történő biztosítása komoly kihívás az emberiség számára. A közlekedésben ennek egyik eszköze a bioetanol, amely jelenleg az egyetlen gazdaságosan előállítható üzemanyag a benzin kiváltására. A termelés döntő többségét adó első generációs technológiák mellett egyre komolyabb a nem első generációsak szerepe. A bioetanol-előállítás gazdasági és fenntarthatósági kérdéseinek szisztematikus szakirodalmi áttekintéssel történő vizsgálata során az összesen 16 141 beazonosított cikkből 64 tanulmányt elemeztünk részletesen. Általános az egyetértés abban, hogy az első generációs termelés nem lehet hosszú távú megoldás, de a további generációknál még nem kiforrott a technológia, és gazdaságtalan a bioetanol előállítása. Ugyanakkor a hulladékok és melléktermékek használata egyaránt javítja a gazdaságosságukat és a fenntarthatóságukat. A termelési generációk között előrehaladva folyamatosan nő a környezeti és romlik a gazdasági teljesítmény. Alacsony kőolajárak mellett pusztán költségalapon a bioetanol-előállítás kizárólag a leghatékonyabb termelőknél (Brazília, Egyesült Államok) versenyképes, így jelentős a továbbfeldolgozás és az értékesebb melléktermékek előállításának a szerepe. A fenntarthatóság szempontjából pedig alapvető a komplex megközelítés, amelynek ki kell terjednie legalább a környezeti, társadalmi és a gazdasági szempontokra. Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: Q16, Q56

Suggested Citation

  • Mizik, Tamás, 2022. "A bioetanol-termelés gazdasági és fenntarthatósági vetületei [Economic and sustainability aspects of bioethanol production]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(10), pages 1213-1241.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:2080
    DOI: 10.18414/KSZ.2022.10.1213
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • Q16 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - R&D; Agricultural Technology; Biofuels; Agricultural Extension Services
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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