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Le scelte di fertilit? e la durata della maternit? in Italia: vincoli economici e norme sociali

Author

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  • Debora Di Gioacchino
  • Emanuela Ghignoni
  • Alina Verashchagina

Abstract

L?Italia ? caratterizzata sia da un basso livello di partecipazione femminile al mercato del lavoro, sia da un basso tasso di fecondit?. Contemporaneamente, molte donne usufruiscono di un periodo di astensione dal lavoro per maternit? de-cisamente pi? lungo di quello obbligatorio, danneggiando in tal modo sia la possi-bilit? di rientrare sul mercato del lavoro dopo il parto, sia le opportunit? di carriera future. In questo paper utilizziamo un procedimento di stima a due stadi per ana-lizzare, in primo luogo, i fattori che influenzano la scelta di avere figli, e, in secon-do luogo, la scelta del periodo di tempo da dedicare in modo esclusivo alla loro crescita. In particolare, ci focalizziamo sul ruolo di fattori fin qui trascurati dalla letteratura, quali le norme sociali prevalenti a livello locale e la salute riproduttiva delle donne. I risultati ci dicono che i vincoli economici non hanno un forte impat-to sulle scelte di fertilit? (che sembrano essere maggiormente influenzate da prefe-renze individuali e norme sociali), ma influenzano in modo significativo la durata del periodo di maternit?. Il peggioramento delle condizioni di salute riproduttiva delle donne, dovuto anche all?innalzamento dell?et? media al parto, sembra allun-gare significativamente il periodo di interruzione della carriera lavorativa post parto.

Suggested Citation

  • Debora Di Gioacchino & Emanuela Ghignoni & Alina Verashchagina, 2019. "Le scelte di fertilit? e la durata della maternit? in Italia: vincoli economici e norme sociali," QUADERNI DI ECONOMIA DEL LAVORO, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2019(110), pages 93-110.
  • Handle: RePEc:fan:quaqua:v:html10.3280/qua2019-110005
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