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Does it pay to study abroad? Evidence from Poland

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  • Jacek Liwiński

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of international student mobility (ISM) on the first wages of tertiary education graduates in Poland. Design/methodology/approach - The author uses data from the nationwide tracer survey of Polish graduates (2007 Graduate Tracer Study) and regresses the hourly net wage rate of salaried workers in their first job after graduating from a higher education institution on a rich set of individual characteristics. In order to reduce the bias due to selection to ISM, the author includes a set of variables representing abilities and skills, characteristics of studies, and international experience as control variables. The author addresses the possible selection to employment bias by using the Heckman correction. Findings - After controlling for observed heterogeneity, the author finds that Polish graduates who studied abroad for at least one month earn on average 22 per cent more in their first job than those who studied in Poland only. However, the author also finds that this wage premium is explained by international economic migration after graduation. Studying abroad brings a wage premium only if it is followed by working abroad. Those who perform their first job in Poland do not obtain any wage premium from ISM. Originality/value - The main contribution of the paper is that it identifies international economic migration after graduation as another mechanism explaining why those who studied abroad earn more.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacek Liwiński, 2019. "Does it pay to study abroad? Evidence from Poland," International Journal of Manpower, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 40(3), pages 525-555, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:ijmpps:ijm-11-2017-0305
    DOI: 10.1108/IJM-11-2017-0305
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    Cited by:

    1. Doruk, Ömer Tuğsal & Pastore, Francesco, 2020. "School to Work Transition and Macroeconomic Conditions in the Turkish Economy," IZA Discussion Papers 13921, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Di Pietro Giorgio & European Commission & IZA, 2022. "Studying abroad and earnings: A meta‐analysis," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(4), pages 1096-1129, September.
    3. Wang, Zhiling & Pastore, Francesco & Karreman, Bas & van Oort, Frank, 2021. "Do International Study Programmes Pay off for Local Students?," IZA Discussion Papers 14374, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Wages; International student mobility; Heckman correction; Wage premium; I29; J24; J31;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I29 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Other
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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