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Network criticality and the node-place-design model: Classifying metro station areas in Greater London

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  • Zhang, Yuerong
  • Marshall, Stephen
  • Manley, Ed

Abstract

Centralisation of activities and developments around metro station areas is a key transit-oriented development (TOD) policy to encourage more public transport travel through providing maximum access to passengers, thereby enhancing economic efficiency, health, well-being and social inclusion. The node-place-design model is an analytical approach, which investigates the interaction between land use, transportation and the walking friendliness around station areas. Nevertheless, current research focuses on the role station areas plays at the local scale, and little consideration is given to the strategic network (system) level. In this research, we combine a strategic network indicator (criticality) with the node-place-design model to gain deeper insights into London metro station areas in terms of their transit-oriented-development at both local and system levels. Our research has three principal findings: first, most of station areas in Greater London show balanced situations between transport and land use development, except for some stations with a non-walking friendly environment such as Victoria station. Second, the two-tier approach finds that the system criticality of each station area can vary substantially even within the same cluster grouped by the original node-place-design model. Therefore, identifying station groups with relatively high network criticality and relatively low node-place-design score is of potential value. The promising transport connection and less-developed conditions of those station areas could help policymakers locate an intensification-diversification TOD group. Conversely, locations with high node-place-design values but low criticality could point to stations suitable for network expansion (new lines or interchanges). Third, the result reconfirms the value of introducing the third dimension – design – into the TOD evaluation of stations at the local scale. The relatively low correlation between node and design value is consistent with previous findings that a transport service-intensive and functionally diverse metro station area does not necessarily produce an accessible friendly walking environment. Overall, the paper provides a platform for further studies integrating strategic network and node-place-design attributes.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Yuerong & Marshall, Stephen & Manley, Ed, 2019. "Network criticality and the node-place-design model: Classifying metro station areas in Greater London," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1-1.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:79:y:2019:i:c:9
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2019.102485
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    2. Zhou, Mingzhi & Zhou, Jiali & Zhou, Jiangping & Lei, Shuyu & Zhao, Zhan, 2023. "Introducing social contacts into the node-place model: A case study of Hong Kong," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    3. Cummings, Christopher & Mahmassani, Hani, 2022. "Does intercity rail station placement matter? Expansion of the node-place model to identify station location impacts on Amtrak ridership," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    4. Caset, Freke & Blainey, Simon & Derudder, Ben & Boussauw, Kobe & Witlox, Frank, 2020. "Integrating node-place and trip end models to explore drivers of rail ridership in Flanders, Belgium," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    5. Ying Liang & Wei Song & Xiaofeng Dong, 2021. "Evaluating the Space Use of Large Railway Hub Station Areas in Beijing toward Integrated Station-City Development," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-22, November.
    6. Wei Wu & Prasanna Divigalpitiya, 2022. "Assessment of Accessibility and Activity Intensity to Identify Future Development Priority TODs in Hefei City," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, September.
    7. Su, Shiliang & Wang, Zhuolun & Li, Bozhao & Kang, Mengjun, 2022. "Deciphering the influence of TOD on metro ridership: An integrated approach of extended node-place model and interpretable machine learning with planning implications," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    8. Su, Shiliang & Zhao, Chong & Zhou, Hao & Li, Bozhao & Kang, Mengjun, 2022. "Unraveling the relative contribution of TOD structural factors to metro ridership: A novel localized modeling approach with implications on spatial planning," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    9. Aura Reggiani, 2022. "The Architecture of Connectivity: A Key to Network Vulnerability, Complexity and Resilience," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 415-437, September.
    10. Chan, Ho-Yin & Chen, Anthony & Li, Guoyuan & Xu, Xiangdong & Lam, William, 2021. "Evaluating the value of new metro lines using route diversity measures: The case of Hong Kong's Mass Transit Railway system," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    11. Liao, Cong & Scheuer, Bronte, 2022. "Evaluating the performance of transit-oriented development in Beijing metro station areas: Integrating morphology and demand into the node-place model," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    12. Zhang, Yuerong & Marshall, Stephen & Manley, Ed, 2021. "Understanding the roles of rail stations: Insights from network approaches in the London metropolitan area," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    13. Yaqi Hu & Yingzi Chen, 2022. "Coupling of Urban Economic Development and Transportation System: An Urban Agglomeration Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-17, March.

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