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Measuring TOD around transit nodes - Towards TOD policy

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  • Singh, Yamini Jain
  • Lukman, Azhari
  • Flacke, Johannes
  • Zuidgeest, Mark
  • Van Maarseveen, M.F.A.M.

Abstract

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) can stimulate sustainable development by improving the interaction between transit and the surrounding development. Planning for TOD around existing transit nodes can only be effective if the assessment of the base situation is done properly. To do so, we propose a methodology to quantitatively measure existing levels of TOD in terms of a TOD Index, within walkable distance of a transit node, by measuring various criteria that define TOD. The value of a TOD index indicates the level to which TOD supporting characteristics are inplace around a transit node and what may be required to be improved so as to attain better transit orientation of thedevelopment. With these results in hand, TOD planning proposals can become more accurate by targeting investments on the most relevant or critical factors. The methodology was applied to the city region of Arnhem and Nijmegen, The Netherlands. A TOD index was calculated for areas around the 21 train stations in the region. The results help in drawing TOD policy for the region by identifying which station areas need more attention than others and at the same time, for each station, identifying specific TOD characteristic(s) that need improvement.

Suggested Citation

  • Singh, Yamini Jain & Lukman, Azhari & Flacke, Johannes & Zuidgeest, Mark & Van Maarseveen, M.F.A.M., 2017. "Measuring TOD around transit nodes - Towards TOD policy," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 96-111.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:56:y:2017:i:c:p:96-111
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.03.013
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    6. Carmela Cucuzzella & Morteza Hazbei & Sherif Goubran, 2021. "Activating Data through Eco-Didactic Design in the Public Realm: Enabling Sustainable Development in Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-37, April.
    7. Freke Caset & Filipe M Teixeira, 2022. "Visualizing the potential for transit-oriented development: Insights from an open and interactive planning support tool in Flanders, Belgium," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 49(2), pages 411-426, February.
    8. Pezeshknejad, Parsa & Monajem, Saeed & Mozafari, Hamid, 2020. "Evaluating sustainability and land use integration of BRT stations via extended node place model, an application on BRT stations of Tehran," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    9. Liao, Cong & Scheuer, Bronte, 2022. "Evaluating the performance of transit-oriented development in Beijing metro station areas: Integrating morphology and demand into the node-place model," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    10. Su, Shiliang & Zhang, Hui & Wang, Miao & Weng, Min & Kang, Mengjun, 2021. "Transit-oriented development (TOD) typologies around metro station areas in urban China: A comparative analysis of five typical megacities for planning implications," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    11. Li, Zekun & Han, Zixuan & Xin, Jing & Luo, Xin & Su, Shiliang & Weng, Min, 2019. "Transit oriented development among metro station areas in Shanghai, China: Variations, typology, optimization and implications for land use planning," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 269-282.
    12. Caset, Freke & Blainey, Simon & Derudder, Ben & Boussauw, Kobe & Witlox, Frank, 2020. "Integrating node-place and trip end models to explore drivers of rail ridership in Flanders, Belgium," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    13. Liu, Xintao & Wu, Jiawei & Huang, Jianwei & Zhang, Junwei & Chen, Bi Yu & Chen, Anthony, 2021. "Spatial-interaction network analysis of built environmental influence on daily public transport demand," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    14. Yang, Lan & Eom, Sunyong & Suzuki, Tsutomu, 2021. "Measuring railway network performance considering accessibility levels in cities worldwide," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    15. Lin, Jen-Jia & Lin, Tzu-Yun & Kadali, Bhadradri Raghuram & Subbarao, Saladi S.V., 2023. "Zone-based TOD evaluation considering interdependences among criteria and zones," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 108-119.
    16. Jean-Pierre Chupin & Morteza Hazbei & Karl-Antoine Pelchat, 2021. "Three Types of Architectural Educational Strategies (AES) in Sustainable Buildings for Learning Environments in Canada," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-25, July.

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