IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jocoma/v29y2023ics2405851322000666.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Volatility in US dairy futures markets

Author

Listed:
  • Fan, Zaifeng
  • Jump, Jeff
  • Tse, Yiuman
  • Yu, Linda

Abstract

US dairy futures markets of Class III milk, butter, cheese, and dry whey exhibit unique volatility patterns under the Federal Milk Marketing Order pricing system. We find that dairy volatilities have a relatively low connectedness among themselves and the overall commodity market. We develop a price information uncertainty measure to investigate dairy markets’ response to government-released information. Dairy futures markets respond to government-released information with increased trading activity. The price information uncertainty measure has a strong positive impact on price volatility across all dairy commodities. We provide evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic increases volatility in dairy commodities. The pandemic also significantly reduces the impact of information uncertainty on volatility.

Suggested Citation

  • Fan, Zaifeng & Jump, Jeff & Tse, Yiuman & Yu, Linda, 2023. "Volatility in US dairy futures markets," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 29(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jocoma:v:29:y:2023:i:c:s2405851322000666
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomm.2022.100309
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405851322000666
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jcomm.2022.100309?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kevin P. McNew & Juan Andres Espinosa, 1994. "The informational content of USDA crop reports: Impacts on uncertainty and expectations in grain futures markets," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 14(4), pages 475-492, June.
    2. Xiaodong Du & Fengxia Dong, 2016. "Responses to market information and the impact on price volatility and trading volume: the case of Class III milk futures," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 50(2), pages 661-678, March.
    3. G. Geoffrey Booth & Mustafa Chowdhury & Teppo Martikainen & Yiuman Tse, 1997. "Intraday Volatility in International Stock Index Futures Markets: Meteor Showers or Heat Waves?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 43(11), pages 1564-1576, November.
    4. Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2018. "Estimating global bank network connectedness," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(1), pages 1-15, January.
    5. Isengildina-Massa, Olga & Cao, Xiang & Karali, Berna & Irwin, Scott H. & Adjemian, Michael & Johansson, Robert C., 2021. "When does USDA information have the most impact on crop and livestock markets?," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 22(C).
    6. Bollerslev, Tim & Gibson, Michael & Zhou, Hao, 2011. "Dynamic estimation of volatility risk premia and investor risk aversion from option-implied and realized volatilities," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 160(1), pages 235-245, January.
    7. Peter Berck & Jeffrey M. Perloff, 1985. "A Dynamic Analysis of Marketing Orders, Voting, and Welfare," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 67(3), pages 487-496.
    8. Nguyen, Duc Binh Benno & Prokopczuk, Marcel, 2019. "Jumps in commodity markets," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 13(C), pages 55-70.
    9. Hayley H. Chouinard & David E. Davis & Jeffrey T. LaFrance & Jeffrey M. Perloff, 2010. "Milk Marketing Order Winners and Losers," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 32(1), pages 59-76.
    10. McDonald, James M. & Law, Jonathan & Mosheim, Roberto, 2020. "Consolidation in U.S. Dairy Farming," Economic Research Report 303971, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    11. Charles F. Nicholson & Mark W. Stephenson, 2015. "Milk Price Cycles in the U.S. Dairy Supply Chain and Their Management Implications," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(4), pages 507-520, October.
    12. Bekaert, Geert & Hoerova, Marie, 2014. "The VIX, the variance premium and stock market volatility," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 183(2), pages 181-192.
    13. Fernandez-Perez, Adrian & Frijns, Bart & Gafiatullina, Ilnara & Tourani-Rad, Alireza, 2022. "Profit margin hedging in the New Zealand dairy farming industry," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 26(C).
    14. Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2018. "Commodity Connectedness," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Enrique G. Mendoza & Ernesto Pastén & Diego Saravia (ed.),Monetary Policy and Global Spillovers: Mechanisms, Effects and Policy Measures, edition 1, volume 25, chapter 4, pages 097-136, Central Bank of Chile.
    15. Koop, Gary & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Potter, Simon M., 1996. "Impulse response analysis in nonlinear multivariate models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 119-147, September.
    16. Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2009. "Measuring Financial Asset Return and Volatility Spillovers, with Application to Global Equity Markets," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 119(534), pages 158-171, January.
    17. Sumner, Daniel A., 2018. "New California Milk Marketing Regulations Will Not Change Economic Fundamentals," Choices: The Magazine of Food, Farm, and Resource Issues, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 33(4), November.
    18. Pesaran, H. Hashem & Shin, Yongcheol, 1998. "Generalized impulse response analysis in linear multivariate models," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(1), pages 17-29, January.
    19. R. Xie & O. Isengildina-Massa & G. P. Dwyer & J. L. Sharp, 2016. "The impact of public and semi-public information on cotton futures market," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(36), pages 3416-3431, August.
    20. Adrian Fernandez‐Perez & Bart Frijns & Ilnara Gafiatullina & Alireza Tourani‐Rad, 2019. "Properties and the predictive power of implied volatility in the New Zealand dairy market," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(5), pages 612-631, May.
    21. Bozic, Marin & Fortenbery, T. Randall, 2012. "Creating Synthetic Cheese Futures: A Method for Matching Cash and Futures Prices in Dairy," Journal of Agribusiness, Agricultural Economics Association of Georgia, vol. 30(2).
    22. McKenzie, Andrew M. & Ke, Yangmin, 2022. "How do USDA announcements affect international commodity prices?," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 28(C).
    23. Michael K Adjemian & Scott H Irwin, 2018. "USDA Announcement Effects in Real-Time," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 100(4), pages 1151-1171.
    24. Amit Goyal & Narasimhan Jegadeesh, 2018. "Cross-Sectional and Time-Series Tests of Return Predictability: What Is the Difference?," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 31(5), pages 1784-1824.
    25. Nikolaos T. Milonas, 1987. "The effects of USDA crop announcements on commodity prices," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 7(5), pages 571-589, October.
    26. Indriawan, Ivan & Martinez, Valeria & Tse, Yiuman, 2021. "The impact of the change in USDA announcement release procedures on agricultural commodity futures," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 23(C).
    27. Garman, Mark B & Klass, Michael J, 1980. "On the Estimation of Security Price Volatilities from Historical Data," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 53(1), pages 67-78, January.
    28. Yongmin Zhang & Shusheng Ding, 2018. "Return and volatility co-movement in commodity futures markets: the effects of liquidity risk," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(9), pages 1471-1486, September.
    29. Goyal, Raghav & Adjemian, Michael K., 2021. "The 2019 government shutdown increased uncertainty in major agricultural commodity markets," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    30. Manchester, Alden C. & Blayney, Donald P., 2001. "Milk Pricing In The United States," Agricultural Information Bulletins 33612, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    31. Sims, Christopher A, 1980. "Macroeconomics and Reality," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 48(1), pages 1-48, January.
    32. Diebold, Francis X. & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2012. "Better to give than to receive: Predictive directional measurement of volatility spillovers," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 57-66.
    33. Sassan Alizadeh & Michael W. Brandt & Francis X. Diebold, 2002. "Range‐Based Estimation of Stochastic Volatility Models," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(3), pages 1047-1091, June.
    34. Godfrey, E. Bruce & Stockton, Matthew C. & Gray, C. Wilson, 2006. "The Fate Of Federal Milk Marketing Orders: Is Order 135 An Indication Of The Future?," A.E. Research Series 305039, University of Idaho, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology.
    35. Bessembinder, Hendrik, 1992. "Systematic Risk, Hedging Pressure, and Risk Premiums in Futures Markets," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 5(4), pages 637-667.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Gaete, Michael & Herrera, Rodrigo, 2023. "Diversification benefits of commodities in portfolio allocation: A dynamic factor copula approach," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 32(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yi, Shuyue & Xu, Zishuang & Wang, Gang-Jin, 2018. "Volatility connectedness in the cryptocurrency market: Is Bitcoin a dominant cryptocurrency?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 98-114.
    2. Wang, Gang-Jin & Chen, Yang-Yang & Si, Hui-Bin & Xie, Chi & Chevallier, Julien, 2021. "Multilayer information spillover networks analysis of China’s financial institutions based on variance decompositions," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 325-347.
    3. Okorie, David Iheke & Lin, Boqiang, 2022. "Givers never lack: Nigerian oil & gas asymmetric network analyses," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    4. Balcilar, Mehmet & Ozdemir, Huseyin & Agan, Busra, 2022. "Effects of COVID-19 on cryptocurrency and emerging market connectedness: Empirical evidence from quantile, frequency, and lasso networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 604(C).
    5. Wang, Gang-Jin & Xie, Chi & Zhao, Longfeng & Jiang, Zhi-Qiang, 2018. "Volatility connectedness in the Chinese banking system: Do state-owned commercial banks contribute more?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 205-230.
    6. Costola, Michele & Lorusso, Marco, 2022. "Spillovers among energy commodities and the Russian stock market," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 28(C).
    7. Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2018. "Commodity Connectedness," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Enrique G. Mendoza & Ernesto Pastén & Diego Saravia (ed.),Monetary Policy and Global Spillovers: Mechanisms, Effects and Policy Measures, edition 1, volume 25, chapter 4, pages 097-136, Central Bank of Chile.
    8. Diebold, Francis X. & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2015. "Financial and Macroeconomic Connectedness: A Network Approach to Measurement and Monitoring," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199338306, Decembrie.
    9. Wen, Tiange & Wang, Gang-Jin, 2020. "Volatility connectedness in global foreign exchange markets," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    10. David I. Okorie, 2021. "A network analysis of electricity demand and the cryptocurrency markets," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(2), pages 3093-3108, April.
    11. Kamil Yilmaz, 2018. "Bank Volatility Connectedness in South East Asia," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1807, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
    12. Habibi, Hamidreza & Mohammadi, Hassan, 2022. "Return and volatility spillovers across the Western and MENA countries," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    13. Papież, Monika & Rubaszek, Michał & Szafranek, Karol & Śmiech, Sławomir, 2022. "Are European natural gas markets connected? A time-varying spillovers analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    14. Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2018. "Estimating global bank network connectedness," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(1), pages 1-15, January.
    15. Liu, Pan & Power, Gabriel J. & Vedenov, Dmitry, 2021. "Fair-weather Friends? Sector-specific volatility connectedness and transmission," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 712-736.
    16. Cronin, David, 2014. "The interaction between money and asset markets: A spillover index approach," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 39(PA), pages 185-202.
    17. Bostanci, Gorkem & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2020. "How connected is the global sovereign credit risk network?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    18. Uluceviz, Erhan & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2021. "Measuring real–financial connectedness in the U.S. economy," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    19. Balcilar, Mehmet & Gabauer, David & Umar, Zaghum, 2021. "Crude Oil futures contracts and commodity markets: New evidence from a TVP-VAR extended joint connectedness approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    20. Ma, Rufei & Liu, Zhenhua & Zhai, Pengxiang, 2022. "Does economic policy uncertainty drive volatility spillovers in electricity markets: Time and frequency evidence," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Dairy commodity futures; FMMO pricing; Information uncertainty; USDA announcements; Volatility;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • Q14 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Finance

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jocoma:v:29:y:2023:i:c:s2405851322000666. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jcomm .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.