IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/eneeco/v124y2023ics0140988323002888.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Does climate vulnerability promote green investment under energy supply restriction?

Author

Listed:
  • Wen, Jun
  • Zhang, Sen
  • Chang, Chun-Ping
  • Anugrah, Donni Fajar
  • Affandi, Yoga

Abstract

This research investigates the impact of climate vulnerability on green investment using panel data of 107 countries over the period 1995–2019. We find that climate vulnerability reduces green investment in both climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation technologies. This finding holds up under a series of robustness tests and after taking into consideration the time lag effect, cross-sectional dependence, and endogenous problems. We further present that it is socioeconomic-related climate vulnerability that hinders green investment, whereas physical vulnerability does the opposite. Analyses of moderating channels show that the negative impact of climate vulnerability on green investment is more pronounced in countries with lower levels of adaptation readiness, economic development, and technical innovation, and higher levels of energy supply restriction.

Suggested Citation

  • Wen, Jun & Zhang, Sen & Chang, Chun-Ping & Anugrah, Donni Fajar & Affandi, Yoga, 2023. "Does climate vulnerability promote green investment under energy supply restriction?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:124:y:2023:i:c:s0140988323002888
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106790
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988323002888
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106790?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Topcu, Ebru & Altinoz, Buket & Aslan, Alper, 2020. "Global evidence from the link between economic growth, natural resources, energy consumption, and gross capital formation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    2. Robert C. Feenstra & Robert Inklaar & Marcel P. Timmer, 2015. "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 105(10), pages 3150-3182, October.
    3. Christopher F Baum & Arthur Lewbel, 2019. "Advice on using heteroskedasticity-based identification," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 19(4), pages 757-767, December.
    4. Wang, Quan-Jing & Feng, Gen-Fu & Chen, Yin E. & Wen, Jun & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2019. "The impacts of government ideology on innovation: What are the main implications?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(5), pages 1232-1247.
    5. Zheng, Mingbo & Feng, Gen-Fu & Jang, Chyi-Lu & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2021. "Terrorism and green innovation in renewable energy," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    6. Daniel L. Millimet & Jayjit Roy, 2016. "Empirical Tests of the Pollution Haven Hypothesis When Environmental Regulation is Endogenous," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(4), pages 652-677, June.
    7. Wen, Jun & Yin, Hua-Tang & Jang, Chyi-Lu & Uchida, Hideaki & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2023. "Does corruption hurt green innovation? Yes – Global evidence from cross-validation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    8. Dutta, Anupam & Bouri, Elie & Rothovius, Timo & Uddin, Gazi Salah, 2023. "Climate risk and green investments: New evidence," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    9. Kahn, Matthew E. & Mohaddes, Kamiar & Ng, Ryan N.C. & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Raissi, Mehdi & Yang, Jui-Chung, 2021. "Long-term macroeconomic effects of climate change: A cross-country analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    10. Pilbeam, Keith & Oboleviciute, Neringa, 2012. "Does Foreign Direct Investment Crowd In or Crowd Out Domestic Investment? Evidence from the European Union," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 89-104.
    11. Beck, Nathaniel & Katz, Jonathan N., 1995. "What To Do (and Not to Do) with Time-Series Cross-Section Data," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 89(3), pages 634-647, September.
    12. John C. Driscoll & Aart C. Kraay, 1998. "Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimation With Spatially Dependent Panel Data," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 80(4), pages 549-560, November.
    13. Kling, Gerhard & Volz, Ulrich & Murinde, Victor & Ayas, Sibel, 2021. "The impact of climate vulnerability on firms’ cost of capital and access to finance," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    14. Batten, Sandra, 2018. "Climate change and the macro-economy: a critical review," Bank of England working papers 706, Bank of England.
    15. Hallegatte, Stéphane & Dumas, Patrice, 2009. "Can natural disasters have positive consequences? Investigating the role of embodied technical change," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 777-786, January.
    16. Yin, Hua-Tang & Chang, Chun-Ping & Anugrah, Donni Fajar & Gunadi, Iman, 2023. "Gender equality and central bank independence," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 661-672.
    17. Kober, Tom & Summerton, Philip & Pollitt, Hector & Chewpreecha, Unnada & Ren, Xiaolin & Wills, William & Octaviano, Claudia & McFarland, James & Beach, Robert & Cai, Yongxia & Calderon, Silvia & Fishe, 2016. "Macroeconomic impacts of climate change mitigation in Latin America: A cross-model comparison," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 625-636.
    18. Han Long & Chun-Ping Chang & Sujeetha Jegajeevan & Kai Tang, 2022. "Can Central Bank Mitigate the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Macroeconomy?," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(9), pages 2652-2669, July.
    19. Mgomezulu, Wisdom Richard & Edriss, Abdi-Khalil & Machira, Kennedy & Pangapanga-Phiri, Innocent, 2023. "Towards sustainability in the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices: Implications on household poverty, food and nutrition security," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    20. Chen, Yin-E & Li, Chunyan & Chang, Chun-Ping & Zheng, Mingbo, 2021. "Identifying the influence of natural disasters on technological innovation," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 22-36.
    21. Yan Xue & Caidong Jiang & Yunxia Guo & Jianmin Liu & Haitao Wu & Yu Hao, 2022. "Corporate Social Responsibility and High-quality Development: Do Green Innovation, Environmental Investment and Corporate Governance Matter?," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(11), pages 3191-3214, September.
    22. Feng, Gen-Fu & Wang, Quan-Jing & Chu, Yin & Wen, Jun & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2021. "Does the shale gas boom change the natural gas price-production relationship? Evidence from the U.S. market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    23. Fang, Jianchun & Gozgor, Giray & Mahalik, Mantu Kumar & Mallick, Hrushikesh & Padhan, Hemachandra, 2022. "Does urbanisation induce renewable energy consumption in emerging economies? The role of education in energy switching policies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    24. Li, Xianmei & Yu, Guoxin & Wen, Liping & Liu, Guoyong, 2023. "Research on the effect of agricultural science and technology service supply from the perspective of farmers' differentiation," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    25. Zhao, Xin-Xin & Zheng, Mingbo & Fu, Qiang, 2022. "How natural disasters affect energy innovation? The perspective of environmental sustainability," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    26. Gu, Yan & Ho, Kung-Cheng & Yan, Cheng & Gozgor, Giray, 2021. "Public environmental concern, CEO turnover, and green investment: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    27. Hatice Ozer Balli & Bent Sørensen, 2013. "Interaction effects in econometrics," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 45(1), pages 583-603, August.
    28. Raihan, Asif, 2023. "Nexus between greenhouse gas emissions and its determinants: The role of renewable energy and technological innovations towards green development in South Korea," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    29. Nicolli, Francesco & Vona, Francesco, 2016. "Heterogeneous policies, heterogeneous technologies: The case of renewable energy," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 190-204.
    30. Chi, Yi & Hu, Ning & Lu, Dong & Yang, Yang, 2023. "Green investment funds and corporate green innovation: From the logic of social value," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    31. Weiler, Florian & Klöck, Carola & Dornan, Matthew, 2018. "Vulnerability, good governance, or donor interests? The allocation of aid for climate change adaptation," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 65-77.
    32. Li, Zhimin & Pan, Yanchun & Yang, Wen & Ma, Jianhua & Zhou, Ming, 2021. "Effects of government subsidies on green technology investment and green marketing coordination of supply chain under the cap-and-trade mechanism," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    33. Ferreira, João J.M. & Fernandes, Cristina I. & Ferreira, Fernando A.F., 2020. "Technology transfer, climate change mitigation, and environmental patent impact on sustainability and economic growth: A comparison of European countries," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    34. William D. Nordhaus & Andrew Moffat, 2017. "A Survey of Global Impacts of Climate Change: Replication, Survey Methods, and a Statistical Analysis," NBER Working Papers 23646, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    35. Raihan, Asif, 2023. "The influences of renewable energy, globalization, technological innovations, and forests on emission reduction in Colombia," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(4).
    36. Husain, Shaiara & Sohag, Kazi & Wu, Yanrui, 2022. "The response of green energy and technology investment to climate policy uncertainty: An application of twin transitions strategy," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    37. Chai, Jingxia & Wu, Haitao & Hao, Yu, 2022. "Planned economic growth and controlled energy demand: How do regional growth targets affect energy consumption in China?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    38. In, Soh Young & Manav, Berk & Venereau, Clothilde M.A. & Cruz R., Luis Enrique & Weyant, John P., 2022. "Climate-related financial risk assessment on energy infrastructure investments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    39. Feindouno, Sosso & Guillaumont, Patrick & Simonet, Catherine, 2020. "The Physical Vulnerability to Climate Change Index: An Index to Be Used for International Policy," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    40. Belaïd, Fateh & Al-Sarihi, Aisha & Al-Mestneer, Raed, 2023. "Balancing climate mitigation and energy security goals amid converging global energy crises: The role of green investments," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 534-542.
    41. Arthur Lewbel, 2012. "Using Heteroscedasticity to Identify and Estimate Mismeasured and Endogenous Regressor Models," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(1), pages 67-80.
    42. Wen, Jun & Zhao, Xin-Xin & Fu, Qiang & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2023. "The impact of extreme weather events on green innovation: Which ones bring to the most harm?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    43. Al Mamun, Md & Boubaker, Sabri & Nguyen, Duc Khuong, 2022. "Green finance and decarbonization: Evidence from around the world," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 46(PB).
    44. Chen, Xia & Fu, Qiang & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2021. "What are the shocks of climate change on clean energy investment: A diversified exploration," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    45. Li, Shuangyan & Chang, Ge & Zunong, Reyihanguli, 2023. "Does regional digital economy development influence green investment?," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    46. Blundell, Richard & Bond, Stephen, 1998. "Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 115-143, August.
    47. Yin, Hua-Tang & Wen, Jun & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2022. "Science-technology intermediary and innovation in China: Evidence from State Administration for Market Regulation, 2000–2019," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    48. Mingbo Zheng & Gen-Fu Feng & Xinxin Zhao & Chun-Ping Chang, 2023. "The transaction behavior of cryptocurrency and electricity consumption," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 9(1), pages 1-18, December.
    49. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Wang, Chih-Wei & Thinh, Bui Tien & Xu, Zhi-Ting, 2022. "Climate risk and bank liquidity creation: International evidence," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    50. Yousaf, Imran & Suleman, Muhammad Tahir & Demirer, Riza, 2022. "Green investments: A luxury good or a financial necessity?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    51. Xing-Yun Zou & Xin-Yu Peng & Xin-Xin Zhao & Chun-Ping Chang, 2023. "The impact of extreme weather events on water quality: international evidence," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 115(1), pages 1-21, January.
    52. Rezai, Armon & Taylor, Lance & Foley, Duncan, 2018. "Economic Growth, Income Distribution, and Climate Change," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 164-172.
    53. Martina Grecequet & Jack DeWaard & Jessica J. Hellmann & Guy J. Abel, 2017. "Climate Vulnerability and Human Migration in Global Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-10, April.
    54. Chen Chen & Jessica Hellmann & Lea Berrang-Ford & Ian Noble & Patrick Regan, 2018. "A global assessment of adaptation investment from the perspectives of equity and efficiency," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 23(1), pages 101-122, January.
    55. Sun, Yunpeng & Guan, Weimin & Razzaq, Asif & Shahzad, Mohsin & Binh An, Nguyen, 2022. "Transition towards ecological sustainability through fiscal decentralization, renewable energy and green investment in OECD countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 385-395.
    56. Tchapchet Tchouto, Jules-Eric, 2023. "An empirical assessment on the leveraging evidence of economic complexity under environmental kuznets curve hypothesis: A comparative analysis between Nordic and Non-Nordic European countries," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(4).
    57. Li, Guanshu & Wang, Yidi & Zhou, Siyang & Lu, Zhonggui & Yin, Tao, 2023. "Effectiveness and challenge of environmental impact assessment in industrial park, a case study in Northeast rust belt China," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(4).
    58. Awan, Abdul Ghafoor & Yaqoob, Robina, 2023. "Economic value of introducing technology to improve productivity: An ARDL approach," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    59. Arndt, Christoph, 2023. "Climate change vs energy security? The conditional support for energy sources among Western Europeans," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    60. Zhang, Hongwei & Shao, Yanmin & Han, Xiping & Chang, Hsu-Ling, 2022. "A road towards ecological development in China: The nexus between green investment, natural resources, green technology innovation, and economic growth," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    61. Mark Skidmore & Hideki Toya, 2002. "Do Natural Disasters Promote Long-Run Growth?," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 40(4), pages 664-687, October.
    62. Zhang, Dongyang, 2022. "Green financial system regulation shock and greenwashing behaviors: Evidence from Chinese firms," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    63. Lim, Jamus Jerome, 2014. "Institutional and structural determinants of investment worldwide," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 160-177.
    64. Zhongzheng, Wang, 2023. "Extreme risk transmission mechanism between oil, green bonds and new energy vehicles," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    65. Renström, Thomas I. & Spataro, Luca & Marsiliani, Laura, 2021. "Can subsidies rather than pollution taxes break the trade-off between economic output and environmental protection?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    66. Mielke, Jahel & Steudle, Gesine A., 2018. "Green Investment and Coordination Failure: An Investors' Perspective," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 88-95.
    67. Wen, Jun & Zhang, Sen & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2022. "Legal origins and innovation: Global evidence," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    68. Yang, Jinghao & Chen, Siyu, 2023. "Corporate financialization, digitalization and green innovation: A panel investigation on Chinese listed firms," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    69. Yang, Hao-Chang & Feng, Gen-Fu & Zhao, Xin Xin & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2022. "The impacts of energy insecurity on green innovation: A multi-country study," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 139-154.
    70. Eyraud, Luc & Clements, Benedict & Wane, Abdoul, 2013. "Green investment: Trends and determinants," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 852-865.
    71. Cunado, Juncal & Ferreira, Susana, 2011. "The Macroeconomic Impacts of Natural Disasters: New Evidence from Floods," 2011 Annual Meeting, July 24-26, 2011, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 103721, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    72. Ahuja, Mayank & Mondal, Debjeet & Mishra, D.P. & Ghosh, Sayan & Kumar, Manoj, 2023. "Assessment of financial and environmental impacts of pre-mining methane drainage in Indian scenario: A case study using Jharia coal seams," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wang, Jun-Zhuo & Feng, Gen-Fu & Yin, Hua-Tang & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2023. "Toward sustainable development: Does the rising oil price stimulate innovation in climate change mitigation technologies?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 569-583.
    2. Zhao, Xin-Xin & Zheng, Mingbo & Fu, Qiang, 2022. "How natural disasters affect energy innovation? The perspective of environmental sustainability," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    3. Wen, Jun & Yin, Hua-Tang & Jang, Chyi-Lu & Uchida, Hideaki & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2023. "Does corruption hurt green innovation? Yes – Global evidence from cross-validation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    4. Yin, Hua-Tang & Chang, Chun-Ping & Anugrah, Donni Fajar & Gunadi, Iman, 2023. "Gender equality and central bank independence," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 661-672.
    5. Wen, Jun & Zhao, Xin-Xin & Fu, Qiang & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2023. "The impact of extreme weather events on green innovation: Which ones bring to the most harm?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    6. Xing-Yun Zou & Xin-Yu Peng & Xin-Xin Zhao & Chun-Ping Chang, 2023. "The impact of extreme weather events on water quality: international evidence," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 115(1), pages 1-21, January.
    7. Han Long & Gen-Fu Feng & Chun-Ping Chang, 2023. "How does ESG performance promote corporate green innovation?," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(4), pages 2889-2913, August.
    8. Feng, Gen-Fu & Zheng, Mingbo, 2022. "Economic policy uncertainty and renewable energy innovation: International evidence," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 1(2).
    9. Wei, Jia & Wen, Jun & Wang, Xiao-Yang & Ma, Jie & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2023. "Green innovation, natural extreme events, and energy transition: Evidence from Asia-Pacific economies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    10. Zhang, Dan & Zheng, Mingbo & Feng, Gen-Fu & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2022. "Does an environmental policy bring to green innovation in renewable energy?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1113-1124.
    11. Chen, Xia & Zhao, Xinxin & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2023. "The shocks of natural disasters on NPLs: Global evidence," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 47(1).
    12. Wen, Jun & Zhao, Xinxin & Fu, Qiang & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2023. "The impact of financial risk on green innovation: Global evidence," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    13. Li, Shuangyan & Chang, Ge & Zunong, Reyihanguli, 2023. "Does regional digital economy development influence green investment?," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(3).
    14. Wang, Quan-Jing & Peng, Xin-Yu & Wang, Hai-Jie & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2023. "The diversity impact of democracy on forest protection: Global evidence," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    15. Wang, Hai-jie & Tang, Kai, 2023. "Extreme climate, innovative ability and energy efficiency," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    16. Han, Jixuan & Li, Tianshu & Philbin, Simon P., 2023. "Does low-carbon pilot policy in China improve corporate profitability? The role of innovation and subsidy," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(2).
    17. Niu, Jing & Ma, Chao & Wang, Yunpeng & Chang, Chun-Ping & Wang, Haijie, 2022. "The pricing of China stock index options based on monetary policy uncertainty," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    18. Jing Zhao & Xiaoru Zuo & Chun-Ping Chang, 2023. "More economic growth with the better public health? Evidence from Western China," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 1083-1112, April.
    19. Wang, Ke & Wang, Yi-Wei & Wang, Quan-Jing, 2022. "Will monetary policy affect energy security? Evidence from Asian countries," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    20. Yang, Qi-Cheng & Zheng, Mingbo & Wang, Jun-Sheng & Wang, Yun-Peng, 2022. "The shocks of armed conflicts to renewable energy finance: Empirical evidence from cross-country data," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Climate vulnerability; Green investment; Green technologies; Physical vulnerability;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:124:y:2023:i:c:s0140988323002888. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/eneco .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.