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Impacto de los sindicatos en Colombia: ¿mayores salarios y más desigualdad?

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  • Cuesta Laura

Abstract

Este trabajo analiza el impacto de los sindicatos en Colombia. Se buscaresponder a las siguientes preguntas: ¿existe un diferencial salarialentre empleados sindicalizados y no sindicalizados atribuible a lossindicatos?, ¿cuál es la magnitud del diferencial? y ¿qué parte de ladesigualdad en los salarios de empleados es explicada por los sindicatos?Para determinar si existe un diferencial y la magnitud del mismo,se utiliza el método de evaluación de impacto, propensity scorematching. Los resultados indican que existe un diferencial positivo, afavor de los trabajadores sindicalizados. El diferencial oscila entre el3% y el 5% del salario mensual y entre el 15% y el 16% del salariopor hora. Cuando se analiza el impacto sólo en el sector privado, eldiferencial salarial se incrementa y oscila entre el 22% y el 27% delsalario mensual y entre el 52% y 56% del salario por hora. Para estimarla fracción de la desigualdad salarial explicada por los sindicatos, se utiliza el método de descomposición de Fields. Los resultados indicanque el 4% de la desigualdad en los salarios de empleados seexplica por los sindicatos y, a diferencia de los hallazgos para otrospaíses, los sindicatos en Colombia contribuyen a empeorar la distribucióndel ingreso. La muestra proviene de la Encuesta Nacional deHogares realizada en diciembre de 2000.

Suggested Citation

  • Cuesta Laura, 2005. "Impacto de los sindicatos en Colombia: ¿mayores salarios y más desigualdad?," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000090:004561
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Marcela Eslava & Marcela Melendez, 2009. "Politics, Policies and the Dynamics of Aggregate Productivity in Colombia," Research Department Publications 4633, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    sindicatos; diferenciales salariales; desigualdad; distribucióndel ingreso; evaluación de impacto; Colombia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J51 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement

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