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Koordination und Evolution: Technische Standards im Prozeß der Entwicklung technischer Systeme

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  • Schmidt, Susanne K.
  • Werle, Raymund

Abstract

Evolutionstheoretische Erklärungen technischer Entwicklung haben in der letzten Zeit an Stellenwert gewonnen. Die vorliegende Arbeit sieht zwei Schwachstellen dieser Ansätze. Zum einen fehlt eine über stochastische Prozesse hinausgehende Erklärung der Entstehung von Varianz. Zum anderen wird die Rolle intentionaler Handlung im Mechanismus der Umweltselektion übergangen. Anhand von Beispielen aus der Telekommunikation und dem Computerbereich wird in diesem Papier aufgezeigt, wie Innovationen in größeren technischen Systemen sehr spezifischen Selektionsprozessen unterworfen sind. Neben ökonomischen Faktoren sind kognitive Elemente von Bedeutung. Mit der Zunahme großtechnischer Systeme werden Regeln des Aufbaus und der Gestaltung zunehmend als Standards kodifiziert und in übergreifende Architekturkonzepte eingeordnet. Sie können als Versuch von Akteuren gedeutet werden, das Ausmaß von technischer Varianz zu kontrollieren und so die bestehende Unsicherheit über die weitere Entwicklung des Systems zu reduzieren. Die Form sozialer Koordination zwischen den beteiligten Akteuren wirkt sich dabei direkt auf die Art der kognitiven Strukturierung aus. Das Papier zeigt auf, daß sich soziale Koordinationsmuster und technische Systemarchitekturen gegenseitig bedingen und wechselseitig stabilisieren.

Suggested Citation

  • Schmidt, Susanne K. & Werle, Raymund, 1992. "Koordination und Evolution: Technische Standards im Prozeß der Entwicklung technischer Systeme," MPIfG Discussion Paper 92/8, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:mpifgd:928
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    References listed on IDEAS

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