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Begründung regionaler Unterschiede in der Gründungsdynamik im Land Nordrhein-Westfalen: Eine Ursachenanalyse

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  • Maaß, Frank

Abstract

Die vorliegende Arbeit ergründet die Ursachen für regionale Entwicklungsunterschiede im Gründungsgeschehen in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Räumliche Untersuchungseinheit sind die Industrie- und Handelskammerbezirke. Das Gründungsgeschehen wird anhand der Anzahl der Neuerrichtungen auf Grundlage der Gewerbeanzeigenstatistik dargestellt. Es zeigen sich sowohl hinsichtlich der Gründungsneigung der regionalen Bevölkerung wie auch in Bezug auf die Erneuerungsfähigkeit des Unternehmensbestandes regionale Unterschiede, so dass von räumlichen Disparitäten im wissenschaftlichen Sinne auszugehen ist. Die Ursachenanalyse zeigt, dass sich räumlich begrenzt auftretende Nachfrageveränderungen im lokalen Gründungsgeschehen niederschlagen. Dabei spielen sowohl die regionale Kaufkraft der privaten Haushalte wie auch Unterschiede in den Produktions- und Produktivitätssteigerungen der ortsansässigen Unternehmen eine Rolle. Es zeigt sich ferner, dass die regionale Wirtschaftsstruktur und die daraus resultierenden standortspezifischen Kompetenzen die Gründungstätigkeit in den Teilräumen maßgeblich bestimmen. Entscheidend ist hier ein hoher Anteil gründungsintensiver Branchen an der Wirtschaftsstruktur der betreffenden Region. Weiterhin wird aufgezeigt, dass eine ausgeprägte Kultur der Selbständigkeit in einer Region dem Gründungsgeschehen zuträglich ist. Auch von einer hohen Forschungs- und Entwicklungsintensität an einem Standort können stimulierende Effekte auf das Gründungsgeschehen erwartet werden. Und schließlich ist ein Klima höchster Arbeitslosigkeit als gründungshemmender Faktor anzusehen.

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  • Maaß, Frank, 2000. "Begründung regionaler Unterschiede in der Gründungsdynamik im Land Nordrhein-Westfalen: Eine Ursachenanalyse," IfM-Materialien 146, Institut für Mittelstandsforschung (IfM) Bonn.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifmmat:146
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    1. Santarelli, Enrico & Piergiovanni, Roberta, 1995. "The Determinants of Firm Start-up and Entry in Italian Producer Services," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 7(3), pages 221-230, June.
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