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Braucht Deutschland einen Kapazitätsmarkt für Kraftwerke? Eine Analyse des deutschen Marktes für Stromerzeugung

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  • Böckers, Veit
  • Giessing, Leonie
  • Haucap, Justus
  • Heimeshoff, Ulrich
  • Rösch, Jürgen

Abstract

Im Zuge der von der Energiewende wird zunehmend die Frage diskutiert, wie bei einem forcierten Ausbau der erneuerbaren Energien und der dadurch zunehmenden Fluktuation der Stromerzeugung die Versorgungssicherheit gewährleistet werden kann. Zur Diskussion steht die Einführung von Kapazitätsmechanismen zur Ergänzung oder sogar als vollständiger Ersatz klassischer Energy-Only-Märkte. Weil fraglich ist, ob Energy-Only-Märkte langfristig Versorgungssicherheit garantieren können, sollen Kapazitätsmechanismen sicherstellen, dass es zu ausreichenden Investitionen in den Kraftwerkspark kommt. Auch wenn es bisher keinen stichhaltigen Beleg dafür gibt, dass das derzeitige deutsche Marktsystem den Anforderungen an die Versorgungssicherheit nicht gerecht werden kann, verändert sich durch den massiven Ausbau fluktuierender erneuerbarer Energien die Profitabilität von Investitionen in konventionelle Kraftwerke. Wir stellen deshalb ein mögliches Kapazitätsmarktmodell für Deutschland vor, weisen aber zugleich darauf hin, dass ein derartiges System kurzfristig weder notwendig ist noch für Deutschland isoliert eingeführt werden sollte. Ein umfassender Kapazitätsmarkt kann, wenn überhaupt, bei zusammenwachsenden Märkten nur auf europäischer Ebene sinnvoll implementiert werden. Für die Übergangsperiode sollte daher das bestehende Marktsystem gegebenenfalls um eine Kaltreserve für Notfälle ergänzt werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Böckers, Veit & Giessing, Leonie & Haucap, Justus & Heimeshoff, Ulrich & Rösch, Jürgen, 2012. "Braucht Deutschland einen Kapazitätsmarkt für Kraftwerke? Eine Analyse des deutschen Marktes für Stromerzeugung," DICE Ordnungspolitische Perspektiven 24, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:diceop:24
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cramton, Peter & Stoft, Steven, 2005. "A Capacity Market that Makes Sense," The Electricity Journal, Elsevier, vol. 18(7), pages 43-54.
    2. Theresia Theurl, 2010. "Wirtschaftspolitische Konsequenzen der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise," Schriften des Vereins für Socialpolitik, Duncker & Humblot GmbH, Berlin, edition 1, volume 127, number 53440.
    3. Joskow, Paul L., 2008. "Capacity payments in imperfect electricity markets: Need and design," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 159-170, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gawel, Erik & Strunz, Sebastian & Lehmann, Paul, 2014. "Wie viel Europa braucht die Energiewende?," UFZ Discussion Papers 4/2014, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Division of Social Sciences (ÖKUS).
    2. Coenen, Michael & Haucap, Justus, 2013. "Kommunal- statt Missbrauchsaufsicht: Zur Aufsicht über Trinkwasserentgelte nach der 8. GWB-Novelle," DICE Ordnungspolitische Perspektiven 53, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    3. Hake, Jürgen-Friedrich & Fischer, Wolfgang & Venghaus, Sandra & Weckenbrock, Christoph, 2015. "The German Energiewende – History and status quo," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(P3), pages 532-546.
    4. Hessler, Markus A. & Loebert, Ina, 2013. "Zu Risiken und Nebenwirkungen des Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetzes," EconStor Preprints 76784, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    5. Erik Gawel & Alexandra Purkus & Klaas Korte & Paul Lehmann, 2013. "Förderung der Markt- und Systemintegration erneuerbarer Energien: Perspektiven einer instrumentellen Weiterentwicklung," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 82(3), pages 123-136.
    6. Hessler, Markus & Loebert, Ina, 2013. "Zu Risiken und Nebenwirkungen des Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetzes," Working Paper 136/2013, Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg.
    7. Fischer, W. & Hake, J.-Fr. & Kuckshinrichs, W. & Schröder, T. & Venghaus, S., 2016. "German energy policy and the way to sustainability: Five controversial issues in the debate on the “Energiewende”," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P3), pages 1580-1591.

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