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Relevanz der deutschen Zinsschranke für Personenunternehmen: Eine dynamische Analyse der Betroffenheit

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  • Alberternst, Stephan

Abstract

Empirische Untersuchungen zur Relevanz der Zinsschranke betrachten in der Regel lediglich Kapitalgesellschaften und bilden somit nur einen Bruchteil der potentiell betroffenen Unternehmen ab. Auf Basis eines umfangreichen balancierten Panels analysiere ich anhand von handelsrechtlichen Jahresabschlussdaten den Einfluss der Zinsschranke auf Personenunternehmen. In Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Jahr sind im Zeitraum von 2008 bis 2012 zwischen 64 (2,9%) und 73 (3,3%) Personenunternehmen in der Stichprobe potentiell von der Zinsschranke betroffen. Die balancierte Panelstruktur liefert zudem Hinweise darauf, dass ein erheblicher Teil der Personenunternehmen, die zumindest in einem Jahr betroffen sind, dieses auch über einen langen Zeitraum bleiben (49,53%). Die Zins- und EBITDA-Vorträge steigen im Zeitablauf nahezu linear pro betroffenem Personenunternehmen an, führen jedoch nicht, wie politisch beabsichtigt, zu einer langfristigen Reduzierung der Anzahl der betroffenen Unternehmen. Zudem weisen von der Zinsschranke betroffene Personenunternehmen signifikant höhere Fremdkapitalquoten auf, sind weniger rentabel und größer als die nicht betroffenen Personenunternehmen. Ebenso ist zu erkennen, dass die betroffenen Gesellschaften eine höhere Sicherheitenquote, ein höheres Insolvenzrisiko, eine niedrigere Liquidität und ein niedrigeres Innenfinanzierungsvolumen sowie ein höheres operatives Risiko aufweisen. Darüber hinaus deutet ein Vergleich der betroffenen Personenunternehmen mit den betroffenen Kapitalgesellschaften darauf hin, dass die Kapitalgesellschaften sich in einer wirtschaftlich schlechteren Situation als die entsprechenden Personenunternehmen befinden. Unter Verwendung eines Propensity Score Matchings kann für Personenunternehmen der vermutete Zusammenhang, dass betroffene Personenunternehmen ihre Fremdkapitalquote stärker reduzieren als nicht betroffene Personenunternehmen und ebenso der Einfluss von Liquiditätsproblemen, nicht auf einem statistisch signifikanten Niveau gezeigt werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Alberternst, Stephan, 2016. "Relevanz der deutschen Zinsschranke für Personenunternehmen: Eine dynamische Analyse der Betroffenheit," arqus Discussion Papers in Quantitative Tax Research 207, arqus - Arbeitskreis Quantitative Steuerlehre.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:arqudp:207
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Finanzierungsentscheidungen; deutsche Steuerreform; Zinsschranke; Fremdkapitalquote; Besteuerung; Unterfinanzierungsregelungen;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F34 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Lending and Debt Problems
    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies

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