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Who Creates Jobs? Estimating Job Creation Rates at the Firm Level

Author

Listed:
  • Peter Huber

    (Austrian Institute of Economic Research)

  • Harald Oberhofer

    (University of Salzburg)

  • Michael Pfaffermayr

    (University of Innsbruck)

Abstract

This paper analyzes econometric models of the Davis, Haltiwanger and Schuh (1996) job creation rate. In line with the most recent job creation literature, we focus on employment-weighted OLS estimation. Our main theoretical result reveals that employment-weighted OLS estimation of DHS job creation rate models provides biased marginal effects estimates. The reason for this is that by definition, the error terms for entering and exiting firms are non-stochastic and non-zero. This violates the crucial mean independence assumption requiring that the conditional expectation of the errors is zero for all firms. Consequently, we argue that firm entries and exits should be analyzed with separate econometric models and propose alternative maximum likelihood estimators which are easy to implement. A small-scale Monte Carlo analysis and an empirical exercise using the population of Austrian firms point to the relevance of our analytical findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Huber & Harald Oberhofer & Michael Pfaffermayr, 2013. "Who Creates Jobs? Estimating Job Creation Rates at the Firm Level," Working Papers in Economics 2013-5, University of Salzburg.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:sbgwpe:2013_005
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    Cited by:

    1. Jesús Cuaresma & Harald Oberhofer & Gallina Vincelette, 2014. "Institutional barriers and job creation in Central and Eastern Europe," IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 3(1), pages 1-29, December.
    2. Oberhofer, Harald & Vincelette, Gallina A, 2013. "Determinants of job creation in eleven new EU member states : evidence from firm level data," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6533, The World Bank.
    3. Alex Coad & Christina Guenther, 2014. "Processes of firm growth and diversification: theory and evidence," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 43(4), pages 857-871, December.
    4. Iza Lejárraga & Harald Oberhofer, 2015. "Performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises in services trade: evidence from French firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 45(3), pages 673-702, October.
    5. Werner Hölzl, 2012. "Arbeitsplatzschaffung und Beschäftigungsgrößenklassen. Eine Untersuchung methodischer Alternativen," WIFO Working Papers 425, WIFO.
    6. Hanhyung Pyo & Sungcheol Hong & Ahnjeong Kim, 2016. "Firm Size and Job Creation in Korea: Do Small Businesses Create More Jobs?," Korean Economic Review, Korean Economic Association, vol. 32, pages 137-166.
    7. Antoine Berthou & Vincent Vicard, 2015. "Firms' Export Dynamics: Experience Versus Size," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(7), pages 1130-1158, July.
    8. Deng, Minjie & Liu, Chang, 2024. "Sovereign risk and intangible investment," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    9. Benjamin Furlan & Harald Oberhofer & Hannes Winner, 2016. "A note on merger and acquisition evaluation," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 25(3), pages 447-455.
    10. Biswajit Banerjee & Manca Jesenko, 2016. "The Role of Firm Size and Firm Age in Employment Growth: Evidence for Slovenia, 1996-2013," European Journal of Comparative Economics, Cattaneo University (LIUC), vol. 13(2), pages 199-219, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • C18 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Methodolical Issues: General
    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods
    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups

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