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Human Capital Accumulation in Emerging Asia, 1970–2030

Author

Listed:
  • Jong-Wha Lee

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Ruth Francisco

    (Asian Development Bank)

Abstract

Emerging Asian economies have made strong progress in improving educational capital in the past 40 years. High educational attainment, especially at the secondary level, has significantly improved emerging Asia’s educational achievement. Regressions show that better parental education and income, lower income inequality, declining fertility, and higher public educational expenditures account for higher educational enrollment. But Asia’s average years of schooling are forecast to increase to 7.6 years by 2030, from 7.0 in 2010, significantly slower than the increase of 4.1 years from 1970 to 2010. That would put emerging Asia’s educational capital in 2030 at only the 1970 level of the advanced countries, or still 3.5 years behind the level of advanced countries in 2010. For sustained human development, Asian economies must invest in improving educational quality and raising enrollment rates at the secondary and tertiary levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Jong-Wha Lee & Ruth Francisco, 2010. "Human Capital Accumulation in Emerging Asia, 1970–2030," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 216, Asian Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbewp:0216
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Bongoh Kye & Erika Arenas & Graciela Teruel & Luis Rubalcava, 2014. "Education, Elderly Health, and Differential Population Aging in South Korea: A Demographic Approach," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 30(26), pages 753-794.
    2. Chang, Eric C.C. & Wu, Wen-Chin, 2022. "Autocracy and human capital," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    3. Anil Sood & Y. Aaron Szyf, 2011. "Productivity and Technology for Asia’s Growth," Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Emerging Markets Forum, vol. 3(3), pages 313-334, September.
    4. Abdul Jabbar Abdullah & Hristos Doucouliagos & Elizabeth Manning, 2015. "Is There A Kuznets' Process In Southeast Asia?," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 60(02), pages 1-22.
    5. Sieng, Lai Wei & Yussof, Ishak, 2018. "Impact of Higher Education on Income and Economic Growth: A Cross Country Evidence," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 52(2), pages 189-198.
    6. Anil Sood & Y. Aaron Szyf, 2011. "Productivity and Technology for Asia’s Growth," Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Emerging Markets Forum, vol. 3(3), pages 313-334, September.
    7. Donghyun Park & Kwanho Shin, 2012. "Impact of population aging on Asia’s future growth," Chapters, in: Donghyun Park & Sang-Hyop Lee & Andrew Mason (ed.), Aging, Economic Growth, and Old-Age Security in Asia, chapter 3, pages 83-110, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    8. Yong Jin Kim & Chul-In Lee, 2024. "Space and technology in catching-up economies: “the city as a laboratory for innovation”," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 73(1), pages 205-239, June.
    9. Abdul Abdullah & Hristos Doucouliagos & Elizabeth Manning, 2015. "Does Education Reduce Income Inequality? A Meta-Regression Analysis," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(2), pages 301-316, April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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