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Building Community & Networks

Author

Listed:
  • Fahd Zulfiqar

    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics)

  • Saman Nazir

    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics)

  • Fizzah Khalid Butt

    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics)

  • Henna Ahsan

    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics)

Abstract

In sociological discourse, understanding the concepts of community and society is incomplete without referencing Ferdinand Tönnies’ seminal work “Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft.†The notion of “Gemeinschaft,†which can be roughly translated as community, is a natural and organic form of group existence where individuals are bound together by shared traditions, beliefs, or objectives (Heberle, 1937). Tönnies used the term “Gemeinschaft†to analyze the social fabric of rural and pre-industrial societies, characterized by mutual acquaintanceship and close-knit relationships. In contrast, “Gesellschaft†refers to an inorganic group held together for some common, conscious purpose. Tönnies applied this term to describe urban, post-industrial societies where residents may not necessarily be familiar with their neighbors and whose roles are specialized. The community grows from the natural connection between humans and their surroundings and the instinctive bonds that naturally form among individuals and groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Fahd Zulfiqar & Saman Nazir & Fizzah Khalid Butt & Henna Ahsan, 2023. "Building Community & Networks," PIDE Research Report 2023:14, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:pid:rrepot:2023:14
    as

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    References listed on IDEAS

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