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Inducing Private Finance for Renewable Energy Projects: Evidence from Micro-Data

Author

Listed:
  • Miguel Cárdenas Rodríguez

    (OECD)

  • Ivan Haščič

    (OECD)

  • Nick Johnstone

    (OECD)

  • Jérôme Silva

    (OECD)

  • Antoine Ferey

    (ENSAE-ParisTech)

Abstract

This paper analyses the effects of government policies on flows of private finance for investment in renewable energy (inducement effect). It also examines whether direct provision of public finance for a project increases the volume of private finance raised (“crowding in” effect). A unique dataset of financial transactions for renewable energy projects with worldwide coverage is constructed using the Bloomberg New Energy Finance database. The analysis covers 87 countries, six renewable energy sectors (wind, solar, biomass, small hydropower, marine and geothermal) and the 2000-2011 time-span. Main findings are that, in contrast to quota-based schemes, price-based support schemes are positively correlated with investors’ ability to raise private finance. The paper suggests that, rather than the type of instrument (price vs. quota), it is the specific design of such schemes that is key to providing a predictable signal and an effective incentive to attract private investors. It is also found that public finance supports precisely those projects that have had difficulty raising private finance (co-financed projects), where neither quota-based measures nor price-based support schemes have a significant effect on private finance flows. This raises the concern that in the absence of well-designed policies which incentivise private finance investment, governments wishing to secure project completion have no other choice than to support projects directly through the use of public finance. Ce document porte sur l’analyse des effets des politiques publiques sur les flux financiers privés affectés à l'investissement dans les énergies renouvelables (effet d'induction). Il examine également si l’apport direct de fonds publics à un projet renforce la probabilité d'obtention de financements privés (effet d'attraction). Cette analyse est fondée sur une base de données sans équivalent sur les financements d'actifs (c'est-à-dire sur les opérations d'investissement réalisées dans des projets d'énergie renouvelable) construite à partir de la base de données Bloomberg sur le financement des énergies nouvelles (BNEF, Bloomberg New Energy Finance), couvrant tous les pays. Les principaux résultats indiquent que contrairement aux systèmes fondés sur des quotas, les dispositifs de soutien fondés sur les prix sont corrélés positivement avec la capacité des investisseurs à obtenir des financements privés. Notre analyse suggère que, davantage que le type de dispositif utilisé (instrument fondé sur les prix ou système de quotas), c'est la conception spécifique de ces dispositifs qui est déterminante pour donner des signaux prévisibles et des incitations efficaces attirant les investisseurs privés. L’analyse conclue également que les financements publics sont précisément affectés aux projets qui ont eu des difficultés à attirer des fonds privés (projets cofinancés), très probablement parce qu'ils ne sont pas économiquement viables en l'absence d'un tel soutien. Cela laisse à penser qu'en l'absence de politiques publiques judicieusement conçues, permettant d'attirer des investissements financiers privés, les gouvernements souhaitant garantir l'achèvement d'un projet n'aient pas d'autre choix que de soutenir directement ledit projet à travers des financements publics.

Suggested Citation

  • Miguel Cárdenas Rodríguez & Ivan Haščič & Nick Johnstone & Jérôme Silva & Antoine Ferey, 2014. "Inducing Private Finance for Renewable Energy Projects: Evidence from Micro-Data," OECD Environment Working Papers 67, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:envaaa:67-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxvg0k6thr1-en
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Mazzucato, Mariana & Semieniuk, Gregor, 2018. "Financing renewable energy: Who is financing what and why it matters," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 8-22.
    2. Victoria Shestalova & Chiara Criscuolo & Nick Johnstone & Carlo Menon, 2014. "Renewable energy policies and cross-border investment: evidence from M&A in solar and wind energy," CPB Discussion Paper 288, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    3. Miguel Cárdenas Rodríguez & Ivan Haščič & Nick Johnstone & Jérôme Silva & Antoine Ferey, 2015. "Renewable Energy Policies and Private Sector Investment: Evidence from Financial Microdata," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 62(1), pages 163-188, September.
    4. Victoria Shestalova & Chiara Criscuolo & Nick Johnstone & Carlo Menon, 2014. "Renewable energy policies and cross-border investment: evidence from M&A in solar and wind energy," CPB Discussion Paper 288.rdf, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    5. Polzin, Friedemann & Migendt, Michael & Täube, Florian A. & von Flotow, Paschen, 2015. "Public policy influence on renewable energy investments—A panel data study across OECD countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 98-111.
    6. Cheung, Grace & Davies, Peter J., 2017. "In the transformation of energy systems: what is holding Australia back?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 96-108.
    7. Cheung, Grace & Davies, Peter J. & Bassen, Alexander, 2019. "In the transition of energy systems: What lessons can be learnt from the German achievement?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 633-646.
    8. Abiola John Asaleye & Charity Aremu & Adedoyin Isola Lawal & Adeyemi A. Ogundipe & Henry Inegbedion & Olabisi Popoola & Adewara Sunday & Olusegun Barnabas Obasaju, 2019. "Oil Price Shock and Macroeconomic Performance in Nigeria: Implication on Employment," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(5), pages 451-457.
    9. Corrocher, Nicoletta & Cappa, Elisabetta, 2020. "The Role of public interventions in inducing private climate finance: An empirical analysis of the solar energy sector," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    choix des instruments d'action; finance; financement d'actifs; innovation induite; investissement; investment; policy instrument choice; renewable energy; technology deployment; énergie renouvelable;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G3 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
    • L94 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Electric Utilities
    • O3 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights
    • Q42 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Alternative Energy Sources
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy

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