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Strengthening Innovation in the United States

Author

Listed:
  • David Carey

    (OECD)

  • Christopher Hill

    (George Mason University)

  • Brian Kahin

    (MIT Center for Digital Business)

Abstract

The US innovation system has many strengths, including world class research universities and firms that thrive in innovation-intensive sectors. However, fissures have begun to appear, notably in the areas of human capital development, the patent system and manufacturing activity, while public investments in R&D and research universities are at risk of being curtailed by budget cuts. Revitalizing the dynamism of innovation has become a priority for US policymakers. To this end, it is important that federal and state governments sustain financial support for knowledge creation. The US workforce’s skills will need to be upgraded, especially in STEM fields, and measures taken to provide more favourable framework conditions for developing advanced manufacturing in the United States. While the recent patent reform is a big step in the right direction, patent reform needs to be taken further by ensuring that the legal standards for granting injunctive relief and damages awards for patent infringement reflect realistic business practices and the relative contributions of patented components of complex technologies. Renforcer l'innovation aux États Unis Le système d’innovation des États-Unis possède de nombreux atouts, en particulier des universités de recherche de rang mondial et des entreprises dynamiques dans les secteurs à forte intensité d’innovation. Cependant, certaines failles commencent à apparaître, notamment en termes de formation du capital humain, de brevets et d’activité manufacturière, et les investissements publics en faveur de la R-D et des universités de recherche risquent de pâtir des réductions budgétaires. Pour les décideurs américains, réactiver la dynamique de l’innovation est devenu une priorité. À cette fin, il importe que le gouvernement fédéral et les exécutifs des États continuent de soutenir financièrement la création de connaissances. Il faudrait améliorer le niveau de qualification de la main-d’oeuvre, en particulier dans le domaine des sciences, de la technologie, de l’ingénierie et des mathématiques (STIM), et prendre des mesures pour assurer la mise en place de conditions-cadres plus favorables au développement de la fabrication de pointe. La récente réforme des brevets représente un grand pas dans la bonne direction, mais elle doit être poursuivie en garantissant qu’en cas d’atteinte à un brevet, les critères juridiques sur lesquels se fondent les tribunaux pour prendre des décisions conservatoires et accorder des dommages-intérêts reflètent les pratiques effectives des entreprises et les contributions relatives des composantes brevetées des technologies complexes.

Suggested Citation

  • David Carey & Christopher Hill & Brian Kahin, 2012. "Strengthening Innovation in the United States," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1001, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1001-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5k8zl62hxmf6-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    activités manufacturières de pointe; advanced manufacturing; brevets; cluster; complex technologies; croissance de la productivité multifactorielle (PMF); crédits d'impôt pour R&E; entrepreneuriat; entrepreneurship; externalités de connaissances; green innovation; immigration Visa; innovation; innovation; knowledge spillovers; l'innovation verte; MFP growth; niveau d'éducation tertiaire; patents; pôles d'entreprises; R&D; R&D; R&E tax credit; STEM; STIM; tertiary education attainment; visa d'immigration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I2 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education
    • O3 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights

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