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Die Wirkung der Hartz-Reform im Bereich der beruflichen Weiterbildung

Author

Listed:
  • Schneider, Hilmar

    (University of Luxembourg)

  • Uhlendorff, Arne

    (CREST)

Abstract

Mit der Hartz-Reform wurden auch im Bereich der beruflichen Weiterbildung grundlegende Neuerungen eingeführt. Dazu gehören vor allem die Einführung von Bildungsgutscheinen als neuem Allokationsinstrument, das den potentiellen Teilnehmern Wahlfreiheit bei der Auswahl der Bildungsanbieter gewährt, sowie eine stärker an der Wiedereingliederungsprognose ausgerichtete Auswahl der Teilnehmer. Wir untersuchen für die Phasen vor und nach der Reform die Wirkung der Teilnahme an berufsbezogener und -übergreifender Weiterbildung, dem quantitativ bedeutsamsten FbW-Programmtyp. Dabei greifen wir auf Verwaltungsdaten der Bundesagentur für Arbeit zurück und schätzen ausgehend von einem konditionalen Propensity-Score-Matching die durchschnittlichen Teilnahmeeffekte mittels nicht-parametrischer Vergleiche der Zustandwahrscheinlichkeiten sowie mittels semi-parametrischer Übergangsratenmodelle. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Teilnahme bereits vor der Reform zu einem Anstieg der Beschäftigungswahrscheinlichkeit geführt hat. Die Ergebnisse für die relativ kurze Beobachtungsperiode nach der Reform deuten darauf hin, dass die Effektivität der Maßnahme zugenommen hat, wobei der Reformeffekt in erster Linie auf eine Verkürzung des Lock-In Effekt zurückzuführen ist. The so-called Hartz reform has introduced fundamental changes for publicly sponsored training in Germany. This concerns primarily the emission of training vouchers as an exclusive allocation device, allowing potential participants free choice among training providers within a given training target range. In addition, delivery of training vouchers is conditioned on sufficient re-employment prospects of a job-seeker. We comparatively examine the impact of participation for the quantitatively most important type of training programs before and after the reform by using administrative data of the Federal Employment Agency. Based on conditional propensity score matching, we investigate average treatment effects by means of non-parametrically estimated state probabilities and semi-parametrically estimated transition rates. Our results show that participation in training programs had a positive impact on employment prospects already before the reform. Results for the relative short observation period since the reform are pointing to a further increase of effectiveness. The driving force behind this seems to come from reducing the duration of training programs, which has decreased the lock-in effect without affecting the program effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Schneider, Hilmar & Uhlendorff, Arne, 2006. "Die Wirkung der Hartz-Reform im Bereich der beruflichen Weiterbildung," IZA Discussion Papers 2255, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp2255
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Hartz-Reforms; occupational training; program evaluation; Germany;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
    • J68 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Public Policy
    • H43 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate

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